Cast-Iron.

Discussion of the paper of J. E. Johnson, Jr., The Effect of High Carbon on the Quality of Charcoal-Iron, presented at the Cleveland meeting, October, 1912, and printed in Bulletin. No. 74, February, 1913, pp. 173 to °14, and of the paper of Albert Sauveur, Notes on Cast-Iron, presented at the New York meeting, February, 1013, and printed in Bulletin No. 75, March, 1913, pp. 503 to 524. CHAIRMAN. JOHN BIRKINBINE :-Just 20 years ago I had the pleasure, when I retired from the Presidency of the Institute, of introducing my successor, and this afternoon it is my pleasure to ask my good friend Dr. Howe to open this discussion. PROFESSOR HENRY M. HOWE, New York, N. Y. :-This paper of Mr. Sauveur's is extremely interesting. It is one of those papers that one wishes to read in the quiet of one's study, where it can be read with great profit. There are many points which he makes which I think are of very great value, in particular as to the importance of getting fine ;grained graphite by a relatively rapid cooling, combined with a high percentage of silicon. That theory would seem to be very promising; how far it has actually been carried out very likely Dr. Moldenke can. tell us.