Search Documents

Herbert Moore Harbach was born in Lebanon, Pa., Apr. 4, 1891, graduated from the Lebanon High School in 1911, and entered State College, from which he received his degree of Bachelor of Science in Metallurgical Engineering in 1915. He was employed by the Lackawanna Iron Co., at Buffalo, N. Y., and was later transferred 'to their Lebanon plant to start up the newly erected benzol plant. He was later made foreman of the coke ovens, which position he held after it was bought by the Bethlehem Steel Co., and until he enlisted in the service of his country in September, 1917. He was stationed at Camp Meade, Md., until the spring of 1918, when he was transferred to the C. W. S., at Niagara Falls, as an expert chemist. There he was engaged in perfecting the various kinds of gases,

Jan 2, 1919

By John B. Goddard, David R. Brosnahan

Leaching of uranium in situ from sandstone deposits with ammonium carbonate solution containing dissolved oxygen occurs rapidly compared with the leaching of the bulk of the sulfur present as FeS2. However, because of their high reducing capacity and their relative abundance, the FeS2 minerals consume the bulk of the oxidant. A pressure leach apparatus was constructed that permitted measuring oxygen consumption by FeS2, best described by a first-order reaction. The experimental rate constants for various cores are roughly proportional to their FeS2 contents.

Jan 1, 1983

By H. Rumfelt

Surface excavators for mining coal and such non- metallic minerals as quarry stone, gypsum, phosphate and the like have advanced tremendously in the last 50 years, and their advancement has paralleled that of excavators used in the construction industry during the same period. Up to a certain stage, the construction industry led the way with this development and even pioneered in how the equipment was used. Afterwards, however, new mining machinery and related operating techniques progressed along a different path than their construction counterparts because of the different demands of the two industries. The word "stage" as used above quite generally connotes a transition period, possibly of several years' duration, during which mining development followed the construction industry. Later, mining branched out and responded to its own needs. Most readers are familiar with the events which led to the development of the power shovel. The first dredge was recorded as having been used in England in the latter 1700's and was no doubt developed along the lines of some notes written in the late 1400's by Leonardo da Vinci.

Jan 1, 1971

TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND MEMBERS Of THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF MINING AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERS GENTLEMEN Submitted herewith are the reports of the Treasurer for the year 1947 and the reports of the following standing committees Membership, Admissions, Papers and Publications, MINING AND METALLURGY (Magazine), and Library 75th Anniversary Celebration The founding of the Institute at Wilkes-Barre, Pa, in 1871, vas appropriately commemorated by a three-day Celebration, March 17, 18 and 19, 1947, at The Waldorf-Astoria, in New York City The Celebration had been scheduled for the preceding September but had been postponed, perforce, because of conflict with meetings of the Assembly of the United Nations The Celebration immediately preceded the Annual Meeting which was deferred from the usual February dates The proceedings took the form of a "World Conference on Mineral Resources " More than three thousand people, including eight hundred ladies, participated in the proceedings in one way or another Twenty-eight foreign countries were represented, some of them by five or six individual delegates Likewise, official representatives were designated by fifty institutions of higher learning in the United States A special 820-page Anniversary Volume entitled "Seventy-five Years. of Progress in the Mineral Industry,".(which

Jan 1, 1952

By Frank Firmstone

(Ottawa Meeting, October, 1889. Substituted for the briefer note on the same subject. pre sented at the meeting and subsequently distributed in preliminary pamphlet edition.) Prof. H. Hoefer's theory of blasting was published in the Oesterr. Zeitschrift, xxviii., 1880, and xxix., 1881; and Part 111. in Nos. 15, 16 and 17, xxx., 1882, and subsequent numbers of that

Jan 1, 1890

By Waldemar F. Dietrich

Mineral fillers are relatively inert chemically under the conditions of use but have physical properties* that modify those of the materials in which they are incorporated. The mineral fillers considered in this article are asbestos, barite, clays, diatomite, crushed limestone, limestone whiting and lime, mica, silica, talc and soapstone, and pyrophyllite. Slate and stone, other than limestone and its derivatives, are excluded because, even though used in large quantities, they are exceptionally low-cost materials generally produced close to the area where they are used.

Jan 8, 1959

By Ta M. Li

This article draws freely on the experiences of the engineering and operating staff of P.T. Inco and its parent firm Inco Ltd. In addition, information was derived from papers presented during the recent International Laterite Symposium, held in conjunction with the 1979 AIME Annual Meeting, New Orleans, La., February 19-21. The author wishes to acknowledge all contributors and, in particular, Roy Aitken, president and managing director, P. T. Inco.

Jan 7, 1979

By John F. Barkley, J. W. Woomer, H. F. Yancey, H. B. Charmbury

The coal picture in 1955 was much brighter than in 1954, when the tonnage produced dropped to the 1939 level. Bituminous coal and lignite production are expected to approach 465 million tons, against 392 million tons in 1954, an increase of about 19 pct. On the other hand, the production of anthracite declined about 7 pct to some 25 million tons. There was marked improvement in coal consumption in all industrial lines except railroads. At the end of November 1955 the largest consumer, electric power utilities, had used about 126 million tons, an increase of some 22 million tons over the previous year. Coke-oven consumption increased about 19 million tons and coal coked in beehive ovens increased about 1.5 million tons, due to heavy coke

Feb 1, 1956

By Branko Ladanyi

In reviewing the current issues in rock mechanics, the author puts an' emphasis on problems related with the needs of extrapolation in scale and time, and of establishing proper conceptual models, especially in connection with the most recent large-scale and long-term projects such as underground disposal of nuclear waste. In such projects, where valid case histories will not be available for many years to come, the observational method can only be successful if combined with a proper framework approach, such as general rock mass classification systems and behavioral models.

Jan 1, 1982

By Arnold Hague

At the Buffalo meeting, October, 1888, Dr. Raymond presented a paper entitled: "Soaping Geysers" (p. 449 of the present volume), in which he called attention to the use of soap by tourists to cause eruptions of several of the well-known geysers in the Yellowstone Park. Incorporated in this paper appears a communication received from me, written from camp in the Park, in reply to some inquiries on the subject. The letter discussed somewhat briefly the means employed by visitors to the Park to hasten the eruptions from hot springs and reservoirs of hot water, which remain dormant for days, or even weeks or months, at a temperature near the boiling-point, without any display of geyser-action. As the paper has called forth considerable comment, I desire to elucidate one or two points in relation to the temperature of the springs, and to answer some inquiries about the composition of the thermal waters. In the summer of 1885, a Chinaman, employed as a laundryman for the accommodation of the tourists at the Upper Geyser Basin, accidently discovered, much to bis amazement, that soap thrown into the spring from which he was accustomed to draw his supply of water produced an eruption in every way similar to the actual workings of a geyser. Tourists with limited time at their command, who had travelled thousands of miles to look upon the wonders of the Yellowstone, soon fell into the way of coaxing the laundryman's spring into action, to partly compensate them for their sore disappointment in witnessing only the periodical eruptions of Old Faithful. Successful attempts upon this spring soon led to various endeavors to accelerate action in the dormant and more famous geysers. In a short time, so popular became the desire to stimulate geysers in this way, that the Park authorities were compelled to enforce rigidly the rule against throwing objects of any kind into the springs. In connection with a thorough investigation of the thermal waters of the Yellowstone Park and the phenomena of the geysers, I undertook a number of experiments to ascertain the action of soap upon the waters and to determine, if possible, those physical conditions of various pools and reservoirs which permitted the hastening of an

Jan 1, 1889

By R. W. Raymond

The sudden death of Dr. Drown, on Nov. 17, 1904, brought to multitudes the pang of personal loss. Of all those who, as students at Lafayette College, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Lehigh University, were brought under his influence, not one can have forgotten him, and all will now acknowledge, with an unfading gratitude, what they owe in professional equipment to his wise, clear, skillful guidance, and in character to his sympathetic, stimulating personality. Outside of this wide circle, the experts of both hemispheres will lament the departure of one who, in his department of scientific investigation, both knew what work was needed, arid how to do it so that it needed not to be done again. The older members of the Amierican Institute of Mining Engineers will remember with gratitude the part he took, as Secretary from 1873 to 1884, in promoting the interest of that organization, and in shaping the plan and policy which it has followed with such noteworthy success. And, in addition to all these (though partly included among them), there are a host of friends, who can scarcely think of the public loss by reason of their own. Thomas Messenger Drown was born March 19,1842, at Philadelphia, Pa. His parents were natives of New England; and he was the youngest of their three sons. He received his preliminary education in the public schools and the High School of Philadelphia, from which he was graduated in 1859. Be-

Jan 1, 1906

By Philip H. Nelson, Richard Lingle

Vibrating wire stressmeters (VWS's) and borehole deformation gages (BDG) were deployed in two in-situ heater experiments at Stripa, Sweden to determine the thermally induced stress changes in the rock mass. The heater experiments ran for 18 months, including a six- month cool-down period after the heaters were turned off. Gages were installed in both horizontal and vertical boreholes and were subjected to temperatures ranging from 10°C to 120°C, depending upon the distance of a gage from the central heater. Most gages operated in a moist environment because groundwater flowed into many of the instrument boreholes during the experiments Of the 36 VWS's installed, six failed. Failures were attributed to corrosion of the vibrating wire due to moisture entering the gage body. Of the 30 BDG's installed at the beginning of the experiments, 22 failed, also as the result of water entering the gage body. Modification and reinstallation of the gages eliminated the problem of water infiltration, but much data from early stages of the experiments was lost due to gage failures. Calibration of the VWS in blocks of Stripa granite showed a lack of repeatability. Variability in calibration results are attributed to seating effects, to variations in the elastic modulus of the rock, and to changes in temperature. These three effects combined to produce an error judged to be approximately ±33% of the stress changes measured at Stripa. In contrast, the major source of error in determining stress with the BDG appears to be the uncertainty in rock modulus and thermal expansion coefficient. Sample calculations based on data acquired near the end of the experiments (during cool-down)

Jan 1, 1982

By Colin Rae

THE absence of paraffin and other oil hydrocarbons in the soil, although they are concentrated in extensive deposits in some localities, the common distribution of plant remains through many formations that .are not productive for oil, and many other factors, seem to indicate the existence of an intermediate organic compound between the complex plant compounds and the petroleum hydrocarbons; and much evidence points to the humus acids or associated organic compounds, which are probably collected by surface waters and concentrated in certain areas by means of precipitation by electrolytes, which would be contained in sea water or possibly in various inland seas or lakes. PRESENT-DAY EVIDENCE There are many present-day evidences of the association of petroleum with humus acids. Binney, in 1912, made observations without explanations on the peat mosses of Down Holland, England, where he found petroleum being formed by decomposition, in the presence of an infiltration of sea water. The analysis of a typical peat will show its relationship to the humus acids under consideration. SAMPLE 'No. 1, SAMPLE NO. 2, PER CENT. PER CENT. Water : 20.0 29.5 Ash 3.0 3.05 Fiber 47.0 54.95 Humus acids 30:0 12.50 J. D. Haseman and others have noted the association of asphalt and hydrocarbons with the swampy, boggy areas, particularly adjacent to the sea.

Jan 2, 1922

By 0. H. ESCHHOZ

HARMON F. FISHER,* New York, N. Y. Mr. Eschholz discusses the particular case of large precipitators installed in connection with large metallurgical operations, and receiving their high-potential energy through the conversion of alternating current to direct current by means of the mechanical rectifier. He classifies these mechanical rectifier installations, according to source of power, as follows: System A.-Applications utilizing individual alternating-current generators, either single-phase or polyphase, installed exclusively for furnishing energy to one or more transformer-rectifier-precipitator units. System. B.-Applications having no special alternating-current generators, but utilizing the existing alternating-current industrial or lighting mains to supply the energy to one or more transformer-rectifier-precipitator units. System C.-Applications receiving their energy from high-tension power circuits supplied directly to potential regulator-rectifier-precipitator units. I do not intend here to enter upon a detailed technical discussion of the foregoing classes, which would really interest only the manufacturers of electrical apparatus and the electrical engineers. A brief general discussion follows:

Jan 11, 1918

By J. H. Wernick, E. E. Thomas

THE etch-pit technique for revealing dislocations in bulk samples allows one to determine dislocation densities and to study their behavior under various mechanical and thermal treatments. We have developed a chemical polish-etch for the development of etch pits on the (1100) plane of Cd which appear to

Jan 1, 1961

By Guang Ping Cui

In this paper the imminent relationship between rock burst and its phenomenon with normal rock pressure and its appearance, as well as the factors of one changing into another have been analyzed. Based on this, the necessary and sufficient appearing factors of rock bursts have been put forward, and the term ''burst pressure" has been defined. According to the statistics data of tremendous rock bursts which appear in collieries in Hunan Province, the features of high frequency, great strength and shallow depth of the beginning burst have been found. There are some special structures in the coal seams, which are closely related with the burst phenomenon. A hypothesis of "star structure" has been suggested for the appearing mechanism of bursts. Inside and around this star structure the distribution rule of burst pressure and rock strength has been researched depending upon the theory of the limited stress field. A new description of the appearing causes of bursts has been raised.

Jan 1, 1984

By S. K. Bose, P. K. Sahoo, S. C. Sircar, P. K. Jena

High grade manganese ores are utilized in metallurgical, chemical, and battery industries, whereas the low grade ores are not accepted for these purposes and hence get accumulated at the minehead. In the present study an attempt was made to solubilize the manganese value as its sulfate by roasting the low grade ore with a suitable sulfatizing agent followed by water leaching. The different parameters were determined in the laboratory scale. Based on these, kilogram scale experiments were conducted where an appreciable amount of manganese goes into solution during leaching.

Jan 1, 1981

By E. Morgan Massey

Located in virgin coal acreage near Gilbert, W. Va., Massey Coal Mining Co.'s Ben Creek No. 2 mine afforded the company's engineers the opportunity of designing and laying out the entire mining operation from the mine faces to the railroading loading site. However, the topography of this region posed difficult problems in haulage of coal for, in this extremely rugged terrain the uppermost coal seams lay in the mountain-top ridges, approximately 1400 ft above the valley floor. The decision for mining equipment naturally leaned to the new high-capacity continuous miners where seam conditions permitted: otherwise, to the new super-high capacity conventional cutting and loading machines. Since the coal seams lay in ridges and points of considerable outcropping, the decision was to keep the transportation on the surface and mine the coal with multiple entries into the outcrop. This way, the major problems of underground haulage, drainage, and ventilation are eliminated, and the opportunity to take advantage of a-c underground power becomes a much simpler proposition.

Jan 10, 1960

By Francisco Cadena

THE construction of Norris Dam, built by the Tennessee Valley Authority on the Clinch River, a tributary of the Tennessee River, involved the production of coarse and fine aggregate for approximately 1,000,000 cu. yd. of concrete. A hammer-mill plant for the manufacture of sand from quarried rock was indicated as the most economical method of providing this material. The abrasive character of the feed as compared to the average hammer-mill feed made it necessary to control operations rather ciosely, and this resulted in the accumulation of many data bearing on production and maintenance. This paper will deal only with three specific sets of data, accompanied by such general infor-mation as may be necessary to explain the conditions under which they were obtained and followed by discussions on the relation of silica content to hammer wear, comparative costs of slugger and stirrup hammers, and comparative costs of tool-steel and manganese-steel grate bars.

Jan 1, 1937

By Charles M. Brinckerhoff

When I first went to Arizona in 1925, mining was primarily an underground job. Ajo, Sacramento Hill in Bisbee and Jerome were the only open pit operations in the state. Thousands of men, however, were employed in underground mining at Morenci, Miami, Inspiration, Globe, Ray, Bisbee, and Superior. The grade of ore in the larger operations was about 1-1/2% copper while a few of the smaller ones mined ore better than 2% Cu. In Utah, the Bingham pit was doing well and growing; in Montana, the vein mines of Butte still yielded ore running 6% Cu.

Jan 3, 1972