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LIST OF THE MEETINGS OF THE INSTITUTE AND THEIR LOCALITIES FROM ITS ORGANIZATION Transactions Number Place Date Vol Page I Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1871 I 3 II Bethlehem, Pa August, 1871 I 10 III Troy, N Y November, 1871 I 13 IV Philadelphia, Pa February, 1872 I 17 V New York, N Y * May, 1872 I 20 VI Pittsburg, Pa October, 1872 I 25 VII Boston, Mass February, 1873 I 28 VIII Philadelphia, Pa * May, 1873 II 3 IX Easton, Pa October, 1873 II 7 X New York, N Y February, 1874 II 11 XI St Louis, Mo * May, 1874 III 3 XII Hazleton, Pa October, 1874 III 8 XIII New Haven, Conn February, 1875 III 15 XIV Dover, N J * May, 1875 IV 3 XV Cleveland, 0 October, 1875 IV 9 XVI Washington, D C February, 1876 IV 8 XVII Philadelphia, Pat June, 1876, V XVIII Philadelphia, Pa October, 1876 V 9 XIX New York, N Y February, 1877 v 27 XX Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1877 vi 3 XXI Amenia, N Y October, 1877 vi 10

Jan 1, 1910

By L. S. Castleman, L. L. Seigle

IN a recently reported investigation, J. B. Clark and F. N. Rhines1 used a diffusion couple technique to determine the number of intermetallic phases which should be present in the Al-Mg equilibrium phase diagram. Their method was an application of the following generally accepted principle. If a diffusion couple made up of two metals is annealed at a given temperature for a long time, all the phases of the binary system which exist under equilibrium conditions at the diffusion temperature will form intermetallic layers. It is important that the diffusion temperature be high enough and the diffusion time be long enough to permit the nuclea-tion of all thermodynamically stable phases at the interface of the couples and their growth to observable thicknesses. These simple time-temperature criteria are at times difficult to satisfy, and it is the purpose of this note to point out a situation in which this is the case. The authors are currently studying diffusion bonding in the Al-Ni system." It is well established

Jan 1, 1958

By Eugene Guccione

FOREWORD-At the SME-AIME meeting in Las Vegas this year, the SME Publications Board and the MINING ENGINEERING Committee decided that a fitting way of celebrating the United States' bicentennial would be to publish an article in ME covering the great men in American mining. After some discussion as to the inclusion of financiers -men such as William Randolph Hearst, J. Pierpont Morgan, etc.-the group agreed that the feature should be restricted to the "nuts-and-bolt people," e.g., mining engineers, geologists, mineral processing engineers. Thus, from the AIME All Institute Honors roll and from the SME Awards list, the group chose these 11 historical figures: Herbert Hoover, Daniel C. Jackling, Henry Krumb, James Douglas, Rossiter W. Raymond, Hal W. Hardinge, Seeley W. Mudd, Erskine Ramsay, Howard N. Eavenson, Robert A. Richards, Arthur F. Taggart. What follows is an account of each of these great miners' achievements and the problems they faced, and an assessment by some of today's mining leaders of the challenges that lie ahead.

Jan 7, 1976

LIST OF THE MEETINGS OF THE INSTITUTE AND THEIR LOCALITIES FROM ITS ORGANIZATION Transactions Number Place Date Vol Page I Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1871 I 3 II Bethlehem, Pa August, 1871 I 10 III Troy, N Y November, 1871 I 13 IV Philadelphia, Pa February, 1872 I 17 V New York, N Y * May, 1872 I 20 VI Pittsburg, Pa October, 1872 I 25 VII Boston, Mass February, 1873 I 28 VIII Philadelphia, Pa * May, 1873 II 3 IX Easton, Pa October, 1873 II 7 X New York, N Y February, 1874 II 11 XI St Louis, Mo * May, 1874 III 3 XII Hazleton, Pa October, 1874 III 8 XIII New Haven, Conn February, 1875 III 15 XIV Dover, N J * May, 1875 IV 3 XV Cleveland, 0 October, 1875 IV 9 XVI Washington, D C February, 1876 IV 8 XVII Philadelphia, Pat June, 1876, V XVIII Philadelphia, Pa October, 1876 V 9 XIX New York, N Y February, 1877 v 27 XX Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1877 vi 3 XXI Amenia, N Y October, 1877 vi 10

Jan 1, 1910

By AIME AIME

FOR constructive research in copper and brass and other non-ferrous metals and their alloys, and his contributions to the establishment of the present accepted high standards of quality William H. Bassett, technical superintendent and metallurgist of the American Brass Co., has been awarded the James Douglas Gold Medal for 1925. Mr. Bassett was born in New Bedford, Mass., on March 7, 1868, and was graduated in chemistry at the - Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1891. In the same year he went to Pope's Island Manufacturing Co., at New Bedford, as chemist where he remained until 1895, where he became a teacher in chemistry at the Swain Free School, which position he retained until 1900. He then became chemist for the New Jersey Zinc Co., at Newark N. J., and in 1902 went to the Coe Brass branch at Torrington, Conn., as Chemist. In 1903 he became chief chemist and metallurgist and since 1912 has been technical superintendent and metallurgist of the American Brass Co., with head- quarters at Waterbury, Conn.

Jan 1, 1924

By Gilbert Soler

Page Introduction. By Gilbert Soler.........................657 Deoxidation of Basic Open-hearth Steel. By T. S. Washburn.............658 Slag-metal-oxygen Relationships in the Basic Open-hearth and Electric Processes. By J. S. Marsh. (With discussion)...........................672 The Total Oxygen Content of Plain Carbon Open-hearth Steel during Deoxidation and Teeming. By Michael Tenenbaum and C. C. Brown. (With discussion)......685 The Occurrence of Oxygen in Liquid Open-hearth Steel—Sampling Methods. By T. E. Brower and B. b. Larsen..........................712 Effect of Deoxidation on the Strain-sensitivity of Low-carbon Steels. By H. K. Work and G. H. Enzian. (With discussion)........................723 The Relation among Aluminum, Sulphur, and Grain Size. By C. E. Sims.......734 Some of the papers and discussions that appear on the following pages were presented at the meeting of the Iron and Steel Division in Cleveland, Ohio, on Wednesday, October 18, 1944. with L. F. Reinartz and H. K. Work as Chairmen; the remainder were scheduled for the New York Meeting of the Institute in February 1945, which was canceled.

Jan 1, 1945

In Bulletin J 1, recently published by the Traylor Engineering and Manufacturing Co., it is stated that the largest jaw crusher ever built has a jaw opening of 66 in. by 86 in. and weighs 680,000 1b. It is said to be in successful operation and has a capacity of 490 tons per hour crushed to 12-in. size; 415 tons per hour crushed to 10-in. size; 330 tons per hour crushed to 8-in. size. The same company, in its Bulletin G 3, gives a diagram showing the percentage of a crushed product which will pass through screens of different sizes of perforation from a machine adjusted to a certain size screen. This diagram is reprinted below for the information of our members and the following notes apply to it. In order to prevent an excessive amount of fines, crushing machines are usually set so that 15 per cent. of the product will be larger than the maximum size desired, and this oversize is then recrushed by smaller

Jan 10, 1916

In connection with the presentation of his paper in oral abstract, Mr. Hansell exhibited samples of briquettes, showing their porosity, and the change of surface produced by burning. Alfred H. Cowles, Sewaren, N. J.—I am familiar with this furnace, and I wish to point out that the larger it is, the greater is its efficiency, and the longer its life. In Europe, experiments have been made with small, short furnaces of this character, accommodating narrow cars; whereas Mr. Hansell says that there is in this country a furnace 180 ft. long .and 10 ft wide. The American furnaces, moreover, differ in design from those used in Europe; and we may expect from these larger furnaces not only greater efficiency, but also greater durability —the latter advantage being due to the fact that, in these large furnaces, projecting brick walls of greater thickness can be provided, to prevent the heat from attacking the sides of the cars, by means of bricks which, over-reaching these iron surfaces, furnish a protective cover to them. In other words, in these

Jan 1, 1913

LIST OF THE MEETINGS OF THE INSTITUTE AND THEIR LOCALITIES FROM ITS ORGANIZATION Transactions Number Place Date Vol Page I Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1871 I 3 II Bethlehem, Pa August, 1871 I 10 III Troy, N Y November, 1871 I 13 IV Philadelphia, Pa February, 1872 I 17 V New York, N Y * May, 1872 I 20 VI Pittsburg, Pa October, 1872 I 25 VII Boston, Mass February, 1873 I 28 VIII Philadelphia, Pa * May, 1873 II 3 IX Easton, Pa October, 1873 II 7 X New York, N Y February, 1874 II 11 XI St Louis, Mo * May, 1874 III 3 XII Hazleton, Pa October, 1874 III 8 XIII New Haven, Conn February, 1875 III 15 XIV Dover, N J * May, 1875 IV 3 XV Cleveland, 0 October, 1875 IV 9 XVI Washington, D C February, 1876 IV 8 XVII Philadelphia, Pat June, 1876, V XVIII Philadelphia, Pa October, 1876 V 9 XIX New York, N Y February, 1877 v 27 XX Wilkes-Barre, Pa * May, 1877 vi 3 XXI Amenia, N Y October, 1877 vi 10

Jan 1, 1917

By G. K. Burgess

J. W. RICHARDS, South Bethlehem, Pa.-I think my affections are still rather with the radiation pyrometer than the optical pyrometer, for practical use, and I wish that Prof. Burgess would use the two together, under the same conditions, using the optical as his standard, if he prefers. Then, assuming the optical emissivity which he feels is correct for the optical pyrometer, he could calculate the thermal emissivity for use with .the radiation pyrometer. If we could thus get reliable values for the thermal emissivity, we could then use the radiation pyrometer, and would avoid the use of the standard lamp, which has to be frequently calibrated for use in the optical pyrometer. It is very advisable to distinguish carefully between the terms optical emissivity and thermal emissivity. There -is considerable confusion caused by the bare statement that molten iron has an emissivity of so much, meaning by that its optical emissivity, for a light wave of a certain length; whereas what we want in the radiation pyrometer is its total ther-

Jan 4, 1917

(Members are urged to send in for this column any notes of interest concerning themselves or their fellow-members.) Members and guests who registered at Institute headquarters during the period July 10 to Aug. 10, 1915: William H. Rettie, Yonkers, N. Y. Paul S. King, Wilmington, Del. A. J. Eveland, Pachuca, Mexico. E. E. R. Tratman, Chicago, 111. Chang Fu Wang, Shanghai, China. Courtenay Dekalb, Tucson, Ariz. F. H. Fovargue, Terlingua, Tex. Emil Gathmann, Baltimore, Md. W. W. Elmer, Tuttletown, Cal. Henry S. Drinker, E. M., LL. D., has just completed 10 years' service as President of Lehigh University. A notable gathering of alumni, with their wives and daughters, numbering more than 1,000 persons, met in South Bethlehem on June 5. In accordance with the request of Dr. Drinker, no formal celebration was held, but, nevertheless, a spontaneous and enthusiastic expression- of appreciation and affection was voiced by alumni, students and faculty, testifying to the regard felt for Dr. Drinker and extolling the progress made by the University under his guidance.

Jan 9, 1915

PUGET SOUND LOCAL SECTION. Executive Committee. CHESTER F. LEE, Chair roan. C. R. CLAGHORN, Vice-Chairman. JOSEPH DANIELS, Secretary-Treasurer, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. W. C. BUTLER. AL K. RODGERS. On the evening of Tuesday, Sept. 2, an informal dinner was held at the University Club, Seattle, Wash., at which the Secretary of the Institute was present, and a valuable and interesting conference took place concerning the recent activities of the Institute and the relations of the Institute management to the Local Sections. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOCAL SECTION. Executive Committee. THEODORE B. COMSTOCK, Chairman SEELEY W. MUDD Vice-Chairman. FREDERICK J. H. MERRILL, Secretary-Treasurer, 300 Germain Building, Los Angeles, Cal. C. COLCOCK JONES. FRANK ROBBINS. Maintains headquarters at 300 Germain Building, Los Angeles, Members of the Institute are invited to visit these headquarters whenever they are in the city. A reception was held at the headquarters of the Section on Wednesday, Sept. 10, at 8 p.m., to meet the Secretary of the Institute and discuss Institute activities and affairs. Light refreshments were served, and about 20 members of the Section attended.

Jan 10, 1913

By V. Annamalai, J. B. Hiskey, L. E. Murr

The kinetics of copper cementation on rotating disks of body and tear-top beverage can aluminum alloys were studied as a function of temperature and copper ion concentration. Both alloys followed the two-step kinetic regions, an initially slow rate followed by an enhanced rate. Experimental activation energy determinations (9.04 to 19.62 kJ/mol) indicated that ionic diffusion controlled the reaction mechanism between 20° and 60°C. At low temperatures (< 20°C), the system appeared to be controlled by the presence of an aluminum oxide surface film. The results of this study showed that cementation kinetics for the beverage can aluminum alloys are similar to those for pure aluminum. It was also found that the chemical removal of the oxide layer is less important for the alloys than /or the pure aluminum system. The characteristics of the resultant copper deposits were studied under a scanning electron microscope, and the reaction kinetics seemed to depend strongly on the nature and morphology of the deposits. In addition, maximum rates occurred when the deposit structures were fine feathery dendrites.

Jan 1, 1980

By Franc R. Joubin, D. H. James

Uranium exploration in the North Shore area of Lake Huron goes back to 1847 when J. L. LeConte, a distinguished American geologist, identified a pitchblende-like mineral which he called coracite from specimens sent from a locality north of Sault Ste. Marie. In 1948 a search for the LeConte occurrence resulted in discovery of the Camray field, some 70 miles north of Sault Ste. Marie. Prospecting the Camray field yielded about 30 pitchblende occurrences spread over approximately 200 sq miles. Almost without exception these discoveries consisted of narrow, short, pitchblende-filled fractures, within or along the contacts of diabase dykes cutting pre-Cambrian Archean granite and gneiss. Eight discoveries were diamond drilled and three were explored underground, but none proved to be of economic value. Uranium prospecting at this time spread far afield, and it was in 1949 that radioactive conglomerate was discovered in Long Township of the Algoma district midway between and 90 miles from Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury. F. Joubin examined this discovery at that time but could not interest capital in its development.

Jun 1, 1956

By N. C. Nissen, J. A. Thomas, A. Illis, K. N. Subramanian

Successful miniplant and laboratory testwork has indicated that high purity selenium can be produced from copper refinery slimes. The recovery technique fits into existing unit operations, and the selenium recovery in the new process was close to 99%. This recovery virtually eliminated any selenium being processed through the smelting stage. In addition, miniplant tests conducted at Inco Metals Co.&apos;s J. Roy Gordon Research Laboratory in Mississauga, Ontario, have demonstrated the reliability of the process with respect to extractions, product quality, filtration characteristics, and effluent disposal. Inco&apos;s copper refinery at Copper Cliff, Ontario, produces about 500 t/d of copper with the anode slimes fall typically averaging 0.5% of the throughput. Investigations relating to the treatment of slimes within Inco&apos;s R&D have been conducted on several occasions since 1959, when the available alternatives such as acid or alkaline pressure leaching, aqueous or high temperature chlorination, roasting, smelting, etc., were considered. Interest in slimes processing was revived recently to meet increasingly stringent environmental standards and to replace equipment of a relatively old plant.

Jan 11, 1978

By B. G. Bunting, D. L. Abata, J. Robb, J. H. Johnson

Toxic gases produced by the detonation of six explosives were measured in an underground hardrock metal mine during mining operations. The explosives included two semi-gelatin dynamites, three slurry explosives, and an ammonium nitrate, fuel-oil/ammonia dynamite combination. Explosives were detonated at the face of a drift and toxic gases produced by the detonation were trapped at the end of the drift by a bulkhead located a short distance away from the face. Toxic gas concentrations were then measured with direct readout instruments and together with the containment volume, the toxic gas volumes per mass of explosive were calculated. Toxic gas measurements were found in the following ranges (ft3/1bm): NO, 0.0100-0.035; N02, 0.003-0.019; CO, 0.08-0.30; SO2, 0.00-0.05; and CO2, 0.7-1.8. Results showed that toxic gas production (ft3/lbm) correlated with the densities (kg/m3) and energy densities (kJ/kg) of the explosives tested.

Jan 1, 1983

THE Woman&apos;s Auxiliary now has its own publica-tion, a monthly news letter that is mailed direct to all its members. It is a lively and readable sheet. Any member of the Auxiliary failing to receive it should communicate with Mrs. J. E. Johnson, Jr., 49 Church Lane, Scarsdale, N. Y., and get on the mailing list. The detailed reports of the meetings will hereafter ap-pear in the News Letter rather than in MINING AND METALLURGY. The regular Board meeting held on March 3, with Mrs. Barron presiding, was well attended and the re-ports of the committees, and from local sections, showed a keen interest in the work. of the organization. Steps are being taken to endow a "Mary Young Westervelt Scholarship," libraries are being built up in mining towns, and interesting reunions .are being held by the members in the various local sections. The Auxiliary is filling an important place and doing it well. Women of the families of Institute members not already affili-ated with it would find it pleasant to get in touch.

Jan 4, 1927

A development which could prove significant was the announcement on September 18 by Lone Star Industries, Inc., Greenwich, Conn., that the Snyder process which utilizes shock phenomena to break down ore in seconds, is operational. J. R. Kringel, chairman and president of Lone Star, says this about the process: "This new approach to the comminution of ores not only provides better mineral liberation at lower capital and operating costs, but it also makes a significant contribution toward the more efficient utilization of the country&apos;s rapidly depleting mineral reserves." The Snyder process consists of loading the material into a chamber, introducing a compressible working fluid such as steam under 300-500 psi, or as low as 80 psi, and then opening a millisecond-action discharge valve, causing the material to become entrained in the expanding fluid. The mixed fluid moves through a duct toward a discharge zone at near-sonic velocity, and is subject to a variety of extreme shock phenomena which accomplish the desired size reduction and mineral liberation.

Jan 11, 1972

The University of Chicago Press, 5750 Ellis Ave , Chicago, Ill This Press publishes books on a wide variety of subjects of scientific interest, as well as several journals Only a few books on geology have been published, however, and the Journal of Geology. The Journal of Geology: A semiquarterly standard American publication in the geological field. $6 per year, single copies, $1, back numbers, within the past five years, $6 per volume Books on geology: The origin of the earth, by T. C Chamberlin, $2 50, Two solar families, by T. C Chamberlin, $2 50, Quantitative classification of igneous rocks, by W. Cross, J. Iddings, L V Pirsson and H. S Washington, $1.75; Studies in minor folds, by C. E. Decker, $1 50; An introduction to the study of ore deposits, by F. H Hatch, $3, A descriptive petrography of the igneous rocks, by A. Johannsen, $4 50, Essentials for the microscopical determination of rock¬forming minerals and rocks, by A. Johannsen (revised ed ) $3, Outlines of geologic history, with special reference to North America, edited by R D. Salisbury, 8150

Jan 1, 1933

By Francis A Thomson

Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Montana School of Mines, Butte, Mont Francis A Thomson, President. The Bureau of Mines and Geology was formerly known as the Bureau of Mines and Metallurgy. A list of publications will be sent upon request¬ A series of six Bulletins and five Memoirs liave been issued by tlie Bureau, as well as several miscellaneous contributions Where the price is not indicated in tlie following selected list of those publications which are now available, the publications are presumably distributed gratis: Bulletin 3, Mechanical ore sampling in Montana, by H B Pulsifer (1920); 6, Geology and ore deposits of Bannack and Argenta, Montana, by P. J Slienon, 50 cents, Memoir 1, The Kevin-Sunburst and otlier oil and gas fields of the Sweetgrass Arcli, by E S Perry (1929), 2, Natural gas in Montana, by E S Perry (in preparation), 4, Tlie geologic structures of western Montana, by C H Clapp and others (in preparation), 5, Placer mining possibilities in Montana, by O A Dingman (1932).

Jan 1, 1933