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By Robert C. Johnson

Water-swelling fluormicas and fluormontmorillonoids were synthesized and described. They were found predominantly in the system Mg0 - MgF2 - Si02, with varying amounts of Li+ or Na+, Some water-swelling synthetic minerals were prepared with only strontium or lead in the twelvefold position, Water- swelling compounds containing either K+ or Ba+ were not found. The synthesized water-swelling products were shown by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and chemical analysis to be typically two-silica-layer, platy compounds, Except for the complete substitution of fluoride for hydroxyl, the compounds were similar to the natural micas or montmorillonites. The stability and properties of the compounds were further established by electrodialysis, by differential thermal analysis, and by anion and cation exchange methods. Fluoride in the interlayer positions was nonexchangeable except through decomposition of the product. Exchanging the sodium or the lithium of the synthetic fluormicas or fluormontmorillonoids with potassium ion, particularly those derived from KOH provided a product from which a completely inorganic paper of extraordinary flexibility was fabricated. This paper had excellent mechanical and electrical properties except for water adsorption and a high power factor. Neither of these problems was solved during this investigation. However, papers with dielectric strength from 1,500 to 5,000 volts per mil were readily fabricated, particularly from the lithium containing fluormicas or fluormontmorill onoids.

Jan 1, 1963

By Tatiana Salviano Gadelha

Rejeitos de mineração descartados na forma de polpa possuem, geralmente, grande quantidade de água e reutilizá-la no processo, por meio de operações de desaguamento mais eficientes é de grande importância para a implementação de projetos de menor impacto ambiental. O presente trabalho visa estudar as operações envolvidas no desaguamento de um rejeito de níquel, com o objetivo de principalmente a maximizar a recuperação de água de processo. Para tanto, foram avaliados: a influência da concentração de sólidos, uso e dosagem de floculante, pressão no filtro, o processo de filtração com e sem prensagem e a influência destas variáveis na umidade da torta e na recuperação de água. Os resultados mostraram que quanto maior a dosagem de floculante menor é a recuperação de água na filtragem; por outro lado, quanto maiores a concentração de sólidos e a pressão, maior a recuperação de água. Verificou-se a importância do uso da prensagem para maximizar a recuperação da água contida no sedimento, sendo possível comprovar que o rejeito de níquel floculado e filtrado com ?P de 6 bar com o uso de prensagem promoveu a recuperação de até 77% de água.

Aug 17, 2017

By Samuel Soares Queiroz

O presente trabalho realiza um estudo das propriedades mecânicas de metais de solda de alta resistência obtidos pelo processo de soldagem GMAW com diferentes condições de soldagem. Foram soldadas juntas multipasses pelo processo GMAW, com preaquecimento de 150°C e 250°C, corrente contínua, posição plana e aporte térmico médio de 1,4kJ/mm. Após a soldagem, realizaram-se ensaios mecânicos e metalográficos em corpos-de-prova retirados integralmente do metal de solda depositado, tanto na condição de como soldado quanto após tratamento térmico a 600°C por 1 hora. Os resultados mostraram que a tenacidade ao impacto experimentou uma redução substancial após o tratamento térmico.

Aug 17, 2017

By Philip C. Tully

This bibliography contains 2,072 citations to technical and scientific literature about helium and alpha-particles abstracted by 12 abstract service publications during 1962. Citations are listed by 16 major subject classifications with several subclassifications to minimize areas of literature search. Automatic data processing was used to reduce the time and labor required to compile the bibliography.

Jan 1, 1969

La influencia de los estudios de adsorción para el beneficio de los minerales, se relaciona con la flotabilidad de las especies minerales, y la perspectiva que se ofrece para el progreso de la metalurgia de concentración. Por ello, el objeto de la investigación se basa en la realización de tales experimentos como búsqueda del dominio de la clase de fenómenos fisico-químicos. Dentro de los métodos usuales de determinación de xantatos por yodo, se buscó hallar la concentración por medio del descenso de la adsorción, para determinar la máxima cantidad de reactivo y encontrar el más adecuado para el mineral. Empero, se reparó que a mayor concentración de colector, se genera mayor adsorción. Asímismo cuando se añade el xantato sobre el mineral con poca agua, la cantidad de reactivo adsorbida es superior, justificándose la ventaja que en procesos industriales significaría acondicionar después del espesamiento. En cuanto a la adsorción de galena oxidada, se observa que mezclando este mineral con un sulfuro de zinc, disminuye la adsorción. Posteriormente se ve cómo la superficie oxidada de la galena, puede alterarse por medio de reactivos, variando el grado de adsorción para los diferentes reactivos colectores de flotación. Finalmente se infiere que la realización de las pruebas pretenden determinar principalmente cuál es el reactivo más adecuado más adecuado para una galena determinada.

Jul 20, 1957

NEW MEMBERS The following list comprises the names of those persons who became members during the period Oct. 10, 1916 to Nov. 10, 1916. ANCHOR, HANS C., Supt., Dome Extension Mines Co., Ltd., South Porcupine, Ont., Canada. BABCOCK, EARLE J., Dean, College Of Min. Engrg., State Univ. Of N. Dak., Grand Forks, N. Dak. BIDDIS0N, P. McDONALD, Construction Engr., The Ohio Fuel Supply Co., 52 W. Gay St., Columbus, 0. BOISE, PAUL T., Asst. Mgr., Stimpson Equipment Co., Felt Bldg., Salt Lake City, Utah. BOURNE, RALPH H., Vice-Pres Whiting Foundry Equipment Co., Harvey, Ill. BROWN, EDWARD OTTO FORSTER, Min. Engr., 706-707 Salisbury House, London, E. C., England.

Jan 12, 1916

By George B. Clark

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the feasibility of designing and testing the elements of a small charge blasting system which will eliminate, or reduce to acceptable levels, most of the undesirable features of current underground drill and blast systems, i.e., 1) air blast, 2) ground vibrations, 3) flying fragments, 4) overbreak and fracture of surrounding rock, and 5) the cyclic nature of drill and blast operations. The experimentation was conducted in tunnels in granite and the results indicate that the basic technical concepts of the project were achieved. The next step is to design, construct, and test a prototype machine.

Jan 1, 1976

By M. P. Brungs, S. Haji Amini

Static dissolution of CaO into a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3slag and slags with additional fluxing agents (fluorspar, nepheline syenite and ilmenite) was studied. The slag was packed into dense CaO crucibles and heated to 1500ºC /1600ºC. After reaction, the crucible was air cooled and cross-sectioned. The development of the Ca2SiO4 phase and concentration profiles of various cations across the reaction zone were examined by Electron Probe Micro Analysis. At 1500ºC, a Ca2SiO4layer was found to form at the CaO/slag interface. No such layer was evident at 1600ºC. Ilmenite and nepheline syenite were found to be effective substitutes for fluorspar, increasing the rate of CaO dissolution.

Jan 1, 2004

By R. E. Ray

Compared to conventional fully ducted axial and centrifugal fan systems, jet fans can offer a number of advantages for control of smoke during fire emergencies and dilution of diesel engine exhaust products in vehicular and rail tunnels. The success of jet fan applications is the result of a balance between the temperature de-rating of the fan, buoyancy forces and the installation momentum transfer efficiency. This paper provides a case study of a unique application of vertically-mounted jet fans in ventilation shafts used to provide both emergency ventilation and pollution control for an overbuild created by the construction of a series of commercial high-rise residential buildings over a portion of an existing passenger rail line. A detailed evaluation of a set of shafts for one building is presented, including a discussion of the calculation methods used to estimate the required jet fan capacity and the results of the subsequent numerical analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics to simulate the performance of the jet fans during train car fire emergencies.

Jan 1, 2009

By William M. Knuth

The objectives of this study were the evaluation of the technical and economical feasibility of utilizing color and color infrared aerial photography to satisfy some informational needs for pre-mine planning, mine progress monitoring, and reclamation monitoring. Seven aerial data collection missions were conducted within a two year period over strip mine sites in Pennsylvania. Scales of 1:6,000; 1:12,000; 1:24,000; and 1:48,000 were flown on the first aerial mission. The 1:12,000 was chosen as the optimal scale for the remaining six flights. An extensive literature and legislative review and discussions with strip mine operators identified the informational parameters that could possibly be obtained from aerial photography. Interpretability accuracies were evaluated for parameters in the broad categories of land use, soils, water, vegetation, and geology. Seasonal interpretation characteristics were noted for infrared photography. Man hours for photointerpretation and costs of aerial data collection were monitored closely and incorporated into a cost benefit analysis. Those parameters that could be mapped, identified, or measured with accuracies =75 percent were incorporated into a photointerpretation training manual. An additional analysis was performed to determine the applicability of the interpretation methodologies and results developed for Eastern sites to Western surface coal mining sites. In addition, a separate aerial photographic interpretation manual was produced during this contract. It is intended to be utilized by eastern and midwestern surface mine operators and regulatory personnel.

Jan 1, 1978

By Fabiano Della Libera da Silva

Este artigo propõe uma metodologia para a construção de um Referencial Estatístico para a Utilização Física de equipamentos de mina. Para tanto, calcula-se um valor mensal (RE) apoiando-se em conceitos importantes para a operação de mina e que estão e inter-relacionados, como o comportamento sazonal da precipitação pluviométrica, o Teorema do Limite Central e a Gestão da Lacuna de Resultado. A metodologia proposta foi aplicada em uma mina de ferro a céu aberto e às frotas de transporte de um complexo minerador no Norte do Pará.

Aug 17, 2017

By S. I. Angadi, C. Eswaraiah, Sunil Kumar Tripathy, T. Santosh, Nilima Dash

Banded hematite quartzite (BHQ) and banded hematite jasper (BHJ) ores represent a promising potential iron ore resource in the near future. The hematite and quartz in BHQ and the hematite and jasper in BHJ are closely related and require fine grinding for the liberation of hematite phases. The present study investigates the mineralogical features and comminution properties of BHQ and BHJ ores. In the BHQ ore, it is observed that thick bands of hematite have fine inclusions of silicate minerals, whereas silica bands have few grains of iron-bearing minerals. The hematite and quartz minerals in the iron and silicate bands of the BHJ ore appear to be more intricately associated and complex in nature, presenting difficulties for liberation. Bond work index studies were carried out for the BHQ and BHJ ores with different product fineness in order to evaluate the energy requirements in fine grinding. A higher Bond work index value was found for the BHJ ore (15.4 kWh/ton) than for the BHQ ore (12.4 kWh/ton). A decrease in the product particle size was associated with an increase in the work index value. Single-particle breakage experiments were designed by varying feed particle size and input energy. The specific energy consumption for the BHJ ore was higher than that for the BHQ ore. The comminution parameters showed that the BHJ ore is harder to grind than the BHQ ore, which may be due to the mineral composition and association of hematite phases with the silicates.

By James J. Dowd

The investigation to evaluate the reserves of coking coal in the United States suitable for the manufacture of metallurgical coke is being made by the Bureau of Mines in three parts: (1) To estimate known (measured plus indicated) recoverable reserves of all coking coal; (2) to upgrade marginal coals through effective preparation; and (3) to study the carbonizing properties of coals and coal blends not now widely used for metallurgical coke making. This is the sixth of a series of reports giving the results of studies by counties under part (1) of the investigation. (See appendix.) This report covers Fayette County, Pa., which comprises the Uniontown and parts of the Brownsville, Connellsville, Donegal, Waynesburg, Masontown, and Confluence, Pa., Morgantown and Bruceton, W. Va., and Accident, Md., quadrangles. (See fig. 1.) A short resume of the chemical and carbonizing properties of the coals ar.9 included. Data on the coal beds in this county were obtained from mining companies, land companies, individual landowners, and other sources of authentic information.

Jan 1, 1951

By Boris Chacón

Durante el desarrollo cotidiano de una operación minera, se obtienen diversos tipos de información como: muestreo, perforación diamantina, etc. las cuales, se originan en base a observaciones de campo. En ese sentido, es vital desarrollar procedimientos adecuados que permitan administrar la información compilada. Por ello, el presente trabajo señala la aplicación de la administración de datos geológicos en la empresa minera Iscaycruz. La información de datos geológicos se puede administrar en formatos tipo gráfico o en bases de datos, por lo cual se requiere que la estructura de almacenamiento de dichos formatos contenga parámetros previamente analizados. Asimismo, es necesario que el equipo de trabajo organize la base de datos, a través de los objetivos y metas trazadas, así como de la verificación y análisis de los resultados, para mantener actualizada la información.

Aug 25, 2002

By Esteban D. Manrique Z.

El presente texto describe la geología estructural de la mina Pierina, Ancash, donde se resolvió los problemas geotécnicos de dicho yacimiento, producto de la geodinámica externa. Asimismo, señala los procesos técnicos ocurridos en el Neógeno durante en la formación del yacimiento como los problemas geotectónicos, de forma que obtenga un modelo geológico adecuado que pueda ser utilizado para el incremento de reservas del mineral y mejore la optimización de las operaciones mineras y se amplíe lla reserva del mineral.

Sep 12, 2011

By J E. Lynch

The Weda Bay nickel and cobalt laterite deposits on Halmahera Island, Republic of Indonesia were first drilled in May 1996 by Strand Minerals Pte Ltd (Strand). Subsequent exploration has delineated four large laterite provinces, parts of which have been diamond drilled to outline an indicated nickel resource of 59.9 Mt of 1.51 per cent Ni and 0.09 per cent Co within a total indicated and inferred resource of 117 Mt of 1.36 per cent Ni and 0.12 per cent Co. The project is held as a Seventh Generation Contract of Work (COW) by PT Weda Bay Nickel, which is jointly owned by Strand (90 per cent) and PT Aneka Tambang (ten per cent). Strand is a wholly owned subsidiary of Weda Bay Minerals Inc, a company listed on the Toronto and Alberta Stock Exchanges in Canada. Halmahera is located in the north-eastern part of the Indonesian archipelago at the convergent junction of three major plates and is a region of considerable tectonic and geological complexity. The western arms of Halmahera form a classic volcanic island arc while the central region and eastern arms contain ophiolite complexes and interlayered sediments. The extensive areas of laterite discovered at Weda Bay have developed over serpentinised harzburgites and dunites of pre-Cretaceous age. Weathering of these rocks has produced laterite profiles that are enriched in nickel and cobalt. There are three economically mineralised laterite types, namely limonites, ferruginous saprolites and saprolites and all are amenable to rapid pressure acid leaching with recoveries of 98 per cent nickel and 94 per cent cobalt in less than 20 minutes.

Jan 1, 1999

By D. Van Tonder, C. Edwards

ABSTRACT Solvent extraction is used in many acid leach uranium circuits to upgrade and purify the uranium-bearing solution prior to final product precipitation. A number of strip options are available to recover the uranium from the loaded organic. This paper compares seven of these options on the basis of typical capital and operating costs for the solvent extraction circuit and downstream uranium processing and also considers other related issues. The aim is to provide an objective comparative assessment of these options that could be used as a qualitative guide in process selection or improvement.

Jan 1, 2013

Economic Sustainable Power for Mineral Processing

Sep 13, 2010

By M A. Knackstedt

Coupling between deformation processes and rock permeability is a major factor influencing the architecture of fluid migration and the localisation of ore deposition in several types of hydrothermal ore systems in middle to upper crustal regimes. Permeability in many hydrothermal systems is controlled by a dynamic competition between deformation-induced porosity-creation processes and porosity-destruction processes. Localisation of deformation within faults, fractures and shear zones leads to flow localisation, with large-scale flow systems forming when active faults and shear zones link to create percolation networks. Numerical modelling techniques are used to explore the growth of fracture networks and evolution of network connectivity during progressive deformation. Initial results indicate that networks reach a percolation threshold at very low strains. Near the percolation threshold, flow is localised along a small proportion of the total fracture population and favours localised ore deposition. At higher strains, flow is distributed more widely throughout the fracture population and may provide reduced potential for production of high-grade deposits. The distribution of mesothermal gold deposits along a small subset of the total population of co-active faults and shear zones in the Archaean Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia indicates that some hydrothermal systems maintain themselves near the percolation threshold for a substantial part of the lifetime of the system. Fluid-driven growth of fault/fracture/shear networks may lead them to self-organise near the percolation threshold.

Jan 1, 1999

By Pedro Gabriel Bonella de Oliveira

O processo usual para elaboração de aços utilizados na indústria de petróleo e gás é a laminação controlada, porém, não é adequado para fabricação de peças de geometria complexa, como juntas e conexões. Nestes casos, o forjamento é a melhor opção, pois permite maior diversidade de conformação. A produção de componentes por esta técnica exige tratamentos de têmpera e revenimento para obtenção das propriedades exigidas em trabalho. O objetivo deste projeto é avaliar o comportamento em tração e a microestrutura de um aço microligado submetido ao aquecimento a 855, 900 e 1000°C. Modelos termodinâmicos de Kasatkin foram utilizados para cálculo das temperaturas de transformação austenítica. Os resultados mostram que o tratamento realizado na zona de transformação intercrítica favorece a formação de uma estrutura bifásica de ferrita e martensita com maiores valores da tensão de escoamento e resistência máxima à tração. Nos tratamentos térmicos realizados em maiores temperaturas há diminuição na resistência mecânica, porém com aumento no alongamento em consequência de uma estrutura composta de bainita e ferrita acicular.

Aug 17, 2017