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By H. E. Kramm

(New York Meeting, February, 1919.) DURING the summer of 1911, I had the opportunity to study in detail the geological conditions of what is known in northern California as " Harrison gulch," in Shasta county. Though the district, as a whole, that is, the western part of Shasta and the eastern part of Trinity county, has contributed during the last 15 years a considerable share of the gold-production credited to Shasta county, very little is known of its geology, perhaps because the country is covered with a dense growth of brush which makes exploration and prospecting extremely difficult. Topographically the district presents a succession of ridges trending approximately N-S.; and alternating with deep narrow canyons. The drainage is partly into . the Sacramento, partly into the Trinity river. Climatic conditions in summer time are almost ideal. It is true, the thermometer may climb to 115°, but the air is dry and the heat is bearable, especially as the nights are always cool. It seldom rains during the summer months, and creeks and springs dry out towards the end of the summer. The winter is severe, lasting from November to April, and usually a thick layer of snow covers the mountains. By reason of the character of its gold-deposits, the region is known to miners as "the pocket country." It contains a series ?of eruptive rocks intruded into slates, cherts, limestones, and conglomerates. Dikes, laccoliths, and batholiths are frequent. In a day's ride it is possible to find all the common igneous rocks from the very acid to the very basic. Serpentines are especially abundant.. The sedimentary rocks are, as rule, broken and shattered as well as folded, and show the effects of intense metamorphism. ? Pocket-hunters " speak of the contact of diabase and slate as the ? pocket-contact." Some rich gold-pockets, however, have also been found in the diabase.

Jul 1, 1912

By I. D. Hagar

WHEN the history of American business during these momentous war years is written, an absorbing chapter will be devoted to the Maclntyre Development, in northern New York. It will tell of a timely mining project, deep in the wilds of the Adirondacks, blasted into being by Axis torpedoes. It will recount the labors of 1500 engineers and workmen, miles from a highway, rail line, or power source, who built a huge enterprise in a few short months' time. And it will list these major contributions to the war effort: more than a quarter million tons per year of ilmenite, source of titanium dioxide-man's most opaque white pigment-to be used in paints for warships, tanks, guns, planes and the plants that build them; as a co-product, over 500,000 tons each year of magnetite-an important type of iron ore- to help feed the cavernous maw of America's wartime steel industry.

Jan 1, 1942

By George W. Pawel

OWING largely to its value as a toughener and strengthener of steel for both industrial and military purposes, nickel is playing, an important role in the current war. It is fine of the metals in which the Allies enjoy a definite edge over the Axis nations and this time there is no place to which the Germans may send another submarine "Deutsehland" and expect to pick up a cargo of nickel to replenish their exhausted supplies. Total world nickel production thanks almost entirely to the expanded operation of the International Nickel Co. of Canada at Sudbury must now be at the rate of around 175,000 tons a year scarcely more than 5 per cent of which is accounted for by Germany, Italy and Japan. This represents more than four times the world output at the end of the first World War.

Jan 1, 1943

By H. L. Bilhartz, H. F. Dunlap, C. R. Bailey, Ellis Shuler

Data are presented which indicate that the saturation exponent, n, in the equation, R. = R100S-11, relating core resistivity, I:,. to the resistivity at 100 per cent saturation. R100. and to the saturation, S. may vary appreciably from the value of two which is usually assumed for this exponent when interpret ing well logs. Values ranging from one to two and one-half have been found on (.ore sample investigated to date. Attempts to correlate this saturation exponent with porosity or permeability of the core have not been successful. The saturation exponent is apparently not a function of the interfacial tension between the brine and the displacing fluid. Some evidence is given indicating that the resistance of the core is not a unique function of the saturation but depends upon the manner in which this saturation was achieved. Equipment and technique are discussed for measurement of resistivities in core plugs in which water saturation can be varied. lNTRODUCTION A number of investigations of the resistivity-saturation relationship for un-c~~nsolidated sands and consolidated (.ore samples have been reported in the literature. According to most of these: R. = R¹ººS², where R² = the resistivity of a formation at saturation S, and R¹ºº= the resistivity of the formation at 100 per cent water saturation. Much of this work was (lone on unconsolidated sands desaturated by gas or oil. Hen-clerson and Ynster worked exclusively with dynamic systems, flowing oil or gas through consolidated cores. There is some doubt as to how well this reproduces static reservoir conditions. Jakosky and Hopper³ onsidered also the case of consolidated core plugs, but the oil-water distribution in the emulsions which they used to saturate their cores is almost certainly different from that occurring in reservoirs. Recently Guyod quotes the results of some Russian work which indicates that n may vary from 1.7 to 4.3. No experimental details of this work are available. In connection with electric log interpretation it is important to know the value of the saturation exponent. For example, if in a given reservoir it is found that the resistivity is three time.; the resistivity observed when the reservoir is 100 pel. cent 'saturated with water, this fact would be interpreted as indicating a water saturation of 33 per cent if the saturation exponent were 1 and a water saturation of 6-1 per cent if the saturation exponent were 2.5. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD In the work to be described it was assumed that reservoir conditions are most nearly obtained when core plugs are desaturated by the capillary pressure technique referred to in numerous places in the literature, as for example. in Bruce and Welge's paper.' In this technique the core. saturated 100 per cent with brine, is placed in contact with a ceramic disc permeable to brine but not to the displacing medium for the displacement pressures used. Pres-ure is then applied to the displacing medium and brine forced out of the core through the ceramic disc. Fig. 1 shows the core plug in place in the cell in which resistivity and saturation measurements are made. Fig. 2 shows the schematic electrical diagram wed to make resistivity measurements on the core plug. A four-electrode type circuit is used, employing a Hewlett-Packard model 400A. AC vacnum tube voltmeter. The 60-cycle AC current througli the core is adjusted to 1 milliampere and measured by noting the voltage drop across the calibrated 100-ohm resistor. The vo1tages appearing at probes 1, 2, 3, and 4 are then successively measured. Voltage drops across the top, center, and bottom portions of the core are obtained by sublracting the voltages appearing at successive probes. This technique avoids any polarization or other high contact resistance phenomena which may develop at the current input electrodes. Resistances which may develop between the core and the probes, and which are small compared to the 1-megoam input impedance 01' the vacuum tube voltmeter will (obviously not affect the measurements allpreciably. Any very appreciable resistallces which may develop at any of the probe wires are detected and allowed for by inserting a 1-megohm resistor in series with the voltage measuring probe. If the probe resistance is actually zero, the new voltage measured after insertion of the I-megolim resistor will be approximately one-half of that previously measured. since the input impedance of the vacuum tube voltmeter is itself 1 megohm. If an! appreciable probe resistance has developed, the new voltage is found to be appreciably greater than one-half of the previously measured voltage. Such probe resistance; have been found to develop only occasionally and usually can be traced to poor connections betwern the core

Jan 1, 1949

By C. R. Bailey, H. F. Dunlap, Ellis Shuler, H. L. Bilhartz

Data are presented which indicate that the saturation exponent, n, in the equation, R. = R100S-11, relating core resistivity, I:,. to the resistivity at 100 per cent saturation. R100. and to the saturation, S. may vary appreciably from the value of two which is usually assumed for this exponent when interpret ing well logs. Values ranging from one to two and one-half have been found on (.ore sample investigated to date. Attempts to correlate this saturation exponent with porosity or permeability of the core have not been successful. The saturation exponent is apparently not a function of the interfacial tension between the brine and the displacing fluid. Some evidence is given indicating that the resistance of the core is not a unique function of the saturation but depends upon the manner in which this saturation was achieved. Equipment and technique are discussed for measurement of resistivities in core plugs in which water saturation can be varied. lNTRODUCTION A number of investigations of the resistivity-saturation relationship for un-c~~nsolidated sands and consolidated (.ore samples have been reported in the literature. According to most of these: R. = R¹ººS², where R² = the resistivity of a formation at saturation S, and R¹ºº= the resistivity of the formation at 100 per cent water saturation. Much of this work was (lone on unconsolidated sands desaturated by gas or oil. Hen-clerson and Ynster worked exclusively with dynamic systems, flowing oil or gas through consolidated cores. There is some doubt as to how well this reproduces static reservoir conditions. Jakosky and Hopper³ onsidered also the case of consolidated core plugs, but the oil-water distribution in the emulsions which they used to saturate their cores is almost certainly different from that occurring in reservoirs. Recently Guyod quotes the results of some Russian work which indicates that n may vary from 1.7 to 4.3. No experimental details of this work are available. In connection with electric log interpretation it is important to know the value of the saturation exponent. For example, if in a given reservoir it is found that the resistivity is three time.; the resistivity observed when the reservoir is 100 pel. cent 'saturated with water, this fact would be interpreted as indicating a water saturation of 33 per cent if the saturation exponent were 1 and a water saturation of 6-1 per cent if the saturation exponent were 2.5. EXPERIMENTAL METHOD In the work to be described it was assumed that reservoir conditions are most nearly obtained when core plugs are desaturated by the capillary pressure technique referred to in numerous places in the literature, as for example. in Bruce and Welge's paper.' In this technique the core. saturated 100 per cent with brine, is placed in contact with a ceramic disc permeable to brine but not to the displacing medium for the displacement pressures used. Pres-ure is then applied to the displacing medium and brine forced out of the core through the ceramic disc. Fig. 1 shows the core plug in place in the cell in which resistivity and saturation measurements are made. Fig. 2 shows the schematic electrical diagram wed to make resistivity measurements on the core plug. A four-electrode type circuit is used, employing a Hewlett-Packard model 400A. AC vacnum tube voltmeter. The 60-cycle AC current througli the core is adjusted to 1 milliampere and measured by noting the voltage drop across the calibrated 100-ohm resistor. The vo1tages appearing at probes 1, 2, 3, and 4 are then successively measured. Voltage drops across the top, center, and bottom portions of the core are obtained by sublracting the voltages appearing at successive probes. This technique avoids any polarization or other high contact resistance phenomena which may develop at the current input electrodes. Resistances which may develop between the core and the probes, and which are small compared to the 1-megoam input impedance 01' the vacuum tube voltmeter will (obviously not affect the measurements allpreciably. Any very appreciable resistallces which may develop at any of the probe wires are detected and allowed for by inserting a 1-megohm resistor in series with the voltage measuring probe. If the probe resistance is actually zero, the new voltage measured after insertion of the I-megolim resistor will be approximately one-half of that previously measured. since the input impedance of the vacuum tube voltmeter is itself 1 megohm. If an! appreciable probe resistance has developed, the new voltage is found to be appreciably greater than one-half of the previously measured voltage. Such probe resistance; have been found to develop only occasionally and usually can be traced to poor connections betwern the core

Jan 1, 1949

By Edward H. Robie

PROBABLY nowhere in the United States or its possessions is mining development more active at present than in the Philippine Islands. Only a few years ago only one company was of any importance, the Benguet Consolidated. Now, five companies are paying dividends, five others have reached the producing stage, some seven others may produce this year, and a score or so are being actively developed. Gold production in 1933 was valued at about $8,000,000, last year at about $11,000,000, and this year an output valued at about $17,000,000 is envisaged. At the beginning of 1934 about 1750 tons of ore was being milled daily; at the end of the year, the tonnage was approximately 3400. In 1933 there were only thirteen Institute members in the Philippines; a year ago there were 27, and now there are 46. About fifteen thousand amen were employed in the mining industry last year, with mine payrolls amounting to $3,500,000. An immense amount of new machinery has been required. One difficulty has so far hindered gold-mine development to some extent-lack of adequate power. Each company therefore finds it necessary to generate its own power, and for this purpose diesel engines are generally adopted.

Jan 1, 1935

By Robert E. Tally

A recorded in the account of the Annual Meeting, on another page, the report of the tellers showed that all men nominated by the committee, which included Messrs. Wilber Judson, E. DeGolyer, W. A. Weldin, J. A. Norden, J. D. MacKenzie, Wilfred Sykes and S. Skowronski, were duly elected to the offices for which they were nominated. Robert Tally, who was elected to the presidency for 1931-2, is well known to all our members not only because he has served on the Board of Directors since 1928, but through a brief outline of his great achieve¬ments in his chosen profession pub¬lished in our issue of December last. The vice-presidents, Howard N. Eavenson and H. A. Guess, are also well known to our members. Mr. Eavenson has not only been chairman of the Coal Division since its organization, but was also a Director during 1917, 1918 and 1919., Mr. Guess was Director in 1926, was elected a vice-president by the Board last year to fill the vacancy created by the election of Mr. Bassett to the presidency, and is now elected to the usual three-year term.

Jan 1, 1931

By Alan J. Strauss

The Group IV elements germanium, tin, and lead form nine 1:1 compounds with the Group VI elements sulfur, selenium, and tellurium. This paper reviews the properties of the pseudobinary solid solutions formed by these compounds, including the extent of mutual solid solubility, temperature-composition phase diagrams, transport properties, deviations from stoichiometry, optical properties, and energy band structure. Particular emphasis is placed on the Pbl-xSnxTe and Pb1-xSn,Se alloys with rocksalt structure, because of current interest in these malerials for generating and detecting infrared ,radiation. ThE Group IV elements germanium, tin, and lead form nine 1:1 compounds with the Group VI elements sulfur, selenium, and tellurium. Some of the physical and electronic properties of these compounds, including their melting points1-8 and energy gaps,4'9-12 are listed in Table I. Four compounds (SnTe, PbS, PbSe, and PbTe) have the cubic rocksalt (Bl) structure. At room temperature GeTe has a rhombohedra1 structure closely related to the B1 structure, into which it is transformed at about 400°C. Four compounds (GeS, GeSe, SnS, and SnSe) have the orthorhombic B29 structure. In samples which have not been intentionally doped with impurities, the electrical conductivity is due primarily to electrons or holes produced by the ionization of donor or acceptor lattice defects associated with deviations from stoichiometry. Undoped samples of PbS, PbSe, and PbTe may be either n type or p type, depending on whether they contain excess lead or an excess of the Group VI element, respectively, but only p-type samples of the other compounds have been reported. This paper will review the properties of the pseudo-binary solid solutions formed by the nine 1:l compounds. The topics to be considered include the extent of mutual solid solubility, temperature-composition phase diagrams, transport properties, deviations from stoichiometry, optical properties, and band structure. Particular emphasis will be placed on the Pb]-xSnxTe and Pbl-xSnxSe alloys with B1 structure, which are promising materials for generating and detecting infrared radiation in the 8 to 14 µm atmospheric window and beyond. MUTUAL SOLID SOLUBILITY The extent of mutual solid solubility in the pseudo-binary systems has been investigated for fourteen of the eighteen ternary systems (in which the two terminal compounds have a common element) and for nine of the eighteen quaternary systems. In most cases, X-ray diffraction measurements made at room temperature were used to determine the structure and lattice parameter(s) of the phase(s) present in samples of various compositions prepared by freezing from the melt. In many investigations, including the extensive studies of Krebs and co-workers,13'14 the samples were annealed at elevated temperatures before X-ray measurements were made. In some cases, metallographic examination and thermal analysis have also been employed. The results for the ternary and quaternary systems are summarized in Tables II and III, respectively. (The original references should be consulted for the annealing temperatures.) The solubility of one compound in the other is at least 5 mol pct in all cases, and is often much larger. Complete solid solubility has been observed in all systems so far investigated in which the terminal compounds have the same structure, although in the PbS-PbTe system complete solubility is limited to elevated temperatures. Thus complete solid solubility occurs in five systems where both compounds have the B1 structure (SnTe-PbTe, PbS-PbSe, PbS-PbTe at temperatures above 805°C, PbSe-PbTe, and SnTe-PbSe) and in three where both compounds have the B29 structure (GeS-SnS. GeSe-~n~e-, and SnS-SnSe), as well as in two involving GeTe and a compound with B1 structure (GeTe-SnTe and GeTe-PbTe). On the basis of thermal analysis data, complete solid solubility at sufficiently high temperatures has also been reported for the GeSe-GeTe2 and SnS- pbS22 systems. This seems unlikely, however,

Jan 1, 1969

By A. T. Shurick

WHATEVER the outcome of the Industrial Recovery Act, it has currently injected the first hope and optimism into the coal industry for more than a decade. Compared with the recent drab years the results are impressive: Bituminous production for the first ten weeks, 78,000,000 tons, may be compared with 63,000,000 last year; anthracite, 14,600,000 tons and 9,600,000 tons for the same periods, respectively, bringing the heaviest payrolls in ten years with individual checks reminiscent of former boom times. Hurried calls for long deferred new equipment and replacements have stimulated foundry and machine works and the -invigorating effect on the railroads is indicated by the first actual car shortage in a decade. And even in the welter of confusion over code prices, this heavy tonnage has moved at the most profitable figure the coal man has realized for many years, though with the large volume on old contracts, profits were not as large as many think.\

Jan 1, 1934

By Harrison Souder

UNDER the stimulus of steadily in- creasing 'demands of the steel industry at home, and with the supply of available ores from abroad appreciably diminished owing to vigorous rearmament campaigns in Europe, production of Eastern magnetite ores reached an all- time peak in 1937. Although the figures given in the accompanying table are partly estimated (actual figures were available for eleven months only), it appears that 1937 production was nearly 47 per cent higher than that of 1936.

Jan 1, 1938

By Hollis Peacock

THE Bingham area in the West Mountain mining district on the eastern slope of the Oquirrh range, some 28 miles southwest of Salt Lake City, has been the most consistent producer for the United States Smelting Refining and Mining Company, production having been continuous, except for minor interruptions, since the organization of the United States Mining Co. in 1899. This production has come from fissures and mantos largely within limestone members aggregating something less than 10 per cent of a thick quartzite sequence of Pennsylvanian age which has been warped into an open syncline plunging northwesterly. Bedding on the easterly limb dips 10°-45° but steep-ens to 90° and even overturns on the westerly limb. Ore bodies cluster about the more northerly of two elongate interconnecting stocks of monzonite which have risen in an axial position within this syncline. Largely within the more northerly of these stocks is the low-grade copper ore body exploited in the Utah Copper open cut of the Kennecott Copper Corp. The values, in seams, minute fracture fillings, and disseminations of pyrite and silica, pervade not only the stock but adjacent sediments, and form a nebulous, sprawling mass which both mineralogically and geographically is the center of the district. The more southerly of the twin stocks appears to be comparatively inert and without obvious relation to mineralization. which

Jan 1, 1948

"The greatest mining center in the state of Utah is the incorporated town of Bingham about twenty-five miles southwest of Salt Lake City. The principal industry of this vicinity, prior to the early fall of 1 863, was lumbering and the first saw-mill in the state was built near the mouth of Bingham Canyon. Early in the fall of that year, George B. Ogilvie discovered gold and shortly afterward the first mining district in the state was organized. Some writers place the discovery of gold in the canyon in the late fifties. If this be so, however, the matter was kept extremely quiet because no mining was engaged in until after Ogilvie's discovery.Bingham was a placer mining camp, producing about one million dollars' worth of dust and nuggets from placers up and down the canyon and in Bear Gulch until early in the seventies, or about ten years after the discovery of gold, when a large body of argentiferous lead ore was discovered and soon after heavy shipments were made from a half dozen or more properties.In 1 8 74, A. H. and George L. Bemis erected the first concentrating plant in the state for the treatment of sulphide lead ores.The history of the camp as a producer of copper begins in the summer of 1 88 7, when Enos A. Wall noticed, in observing prospecting drifts and inclines driven some years before, the discoloration caused by the coppery solution. As a large part of the adjacent ground had been abandoned, he located two claims, which he called the ""Dick Mackintosh"" and the ""Charles Reid,"" after two of his friends.Late in 1896, the Highland Boy Mine produced sulphide ore rich in copper, causing a revival of interest in the copper potentialities of the camp, and during the next seven years a number of new claims were located ."

Jan 1, 1925

By J. L. CAHUTHERS

MANY different methods are used for transporting coal from the working face to the tipple. The common methods are animal haulage, locomotive haulage, conveyor systems, and combinations of these three, supplemented, at times, by the miner pushing his own car. Haulage may also be classified into gathering and main line. Gathering haulage is the collecting of loaded cars to a point whence they are hauled to the tipple. In this there is perhaps more lost-time than on the main line because there are .more units in the operation to be synchronized. Also, conditions on the gathering haul- age, such as bad track, poor timbering, insufficient motive power, etc., cause delays; usually these are corrected on the main-line haulage.

Jan 1, 1931

By George S. Barnett

The Equis and El Roble projects are located in the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia. The Equis vein deposits have sulfide ore reserves of 95,955 mt (105,770 st) grading 8.51 g/mt (0.248 oz/st) gold and 12.4 g/mt (0.36 oz/st) silver with 0.94 % copper, 1.10 % lead and 11.06 % zinc. Ore reserves at El Roble are estimated as 1.1 Mmt (1.21 million st) grading 4.89 % copper and 3.39 g/mt (0.099 oz/st) gold. Geologically possible reserves at Equis may total 1.6 Mmt (1.76 million st). El Roble has the potential to contain several tens of millions of metric tons. Exploration included diamond drilling, trenching, channel sampling, rock and soil geochemistry, geophysics and tunneling. Erratic high grade samples affect the weighting of channel and drill core samples. Secondary reconcentration of gold is also a factor. Sample maps and graphs show the distribution of values to be highly variable. Geostatistical treatment of some of these data gave important guidelines for parameters such as sampling densities, drill hole spacing and confidence limits.

Jan 1, 1985

By R. H. Swallow, George Hess

Aerial photography was once a crude, uncertain tool. Today it is a precision mapping instrument which saves important time and money for strip mining and other industry. Aerial photography began in the boxkite days of aviation. The Army first used it for rough reconnaissance photographs. Then, in the early Twenties, industry began to use aerial photographs of their plants and facilities for advertising or annual reports. The quality of these pictures was not very good by today's standards, but this work began the development of better cameras, better lenses, better photographic techniques.

Jan 1, 1949

By E. R. Kaiser

COAL research during 1941 had a marked increase in activity on problems bearing directly on furthering the increased and improved use of coal in homes and industry. Coal producers and fuel engineers expressed a greater interest in its practical possibilities and the coal laboratories have shown an increased interest in applied research, of value at once or in the near future to industry and the public. A large volume of accomplishment in mining, coal analysis, and the fundamentals of coal constitution and coal chemistry also continued to fill the storehouse from which applied research and fuel engineering of the future can draw valuable data.

Jan 1, 1942

By Franklin Allison

THE influence of cobalt and nickel on the properties of steel might be readily expected to be very similar. The two elements occupy close and somewhat unusual positions in the periodic table, their chemical behavior and compounds are so completely analogous and their various physical properties, including the ferro-magnetic characteristic, show such a remarkable correspondence, that there is no doubt of a strong resemblance existing between these two metals. However, the variety of, properties that are obtained from steel is due, largely to the fact that the element iron possesses allotropic forms. Alloying elements that affect these allotropic forms, or alter the nature of the allotropic changes, exert a profound influence on the resulting steel. In the case of nickel and cobalt, although these elements are very similar chemically and physically, it is found that they differ distinctly in their individual effects on the critical points of iron. Both nickel and cobalt form a series of homogeneous solid solutions with iron at temperatures above 1800° F. The difference in their behavior does not occur until changes begin to take place in the solid state below this temperature. An inspection of the respective thermal equilibrium diagrams at the lower temperatures makes the opposite effects of nickel and cobalt clearly evident.

Jan 3, 1927

By J. Parke Channing

ALTHOUGH the original thought of investigating waste in industry came from a mining engineer, Herbert Hoover, and although the chairman of that committee was a mining engineer (although the real work was done by the vice-chairman, L. W. Wallace), it is an interesting commentary that when the report first saw light, at St. Louis, on the first of June, 1921, some people most violently went up in the air when it was submitted by the representatives of the mining engineers. At the time they resented most markedly the report of the committee that 50 per cent. of the waste in industry, or as Mr. Ingalls in his paper has properly said, inefficiency in industry, was to be laid upon management. The reason for that seems to have been that, as a whole, the mining industry is pretty well organized and is superior to a large number of manufacturing industries including those studied by the Report. However, this very meeting shows that even the min-ing engineers have finally realized that there is waste or inefficiency in mining and that a large proportion of it can, with propriety, be assessed against management.

Jan 3, 1922

By J. E. Tobey

BECAUSE of the wide-spread publicity given to Nylon yarn as being made from ?coal, air, and water,? the general public has become conscious of the nonfuel uses of bituminous coal. Some of these uses are as filler for fertilizer, carbon for the absorption of orders, for water supply, and for the bedding of cattle. Spectacular as are these accomplishments the fact is that only a small amount of coal is used for nonfuel purposes. It is on the utilization of coal as fuel that the industry depends. Practically all the coal mines for years to come will be used for making coke for the generation of heat. Recently much attention has been paid to the significance of ash in coal. Another study worthy the interest of metallurgists in the iron and steel industries if that of Dr, Lowry of the Carnegie Institute of Technology relative to the percentage of sulphur in coal and coke.

Jan 1, 1941

By AIME AIME

HENRY DAYTON WILDE-"Date," informally- manager- of the technical and research department of the Humble Oil & Refining Co., was born at Aguascalientes, Mexico, Sept. 25, 1900. He is a graduate in chemical engineering: M.S. from the University of Texas and I Sc.D. fro111 the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. t For a year and a half in 1926 and 1927 he was a research : associate in the research laboratory of applied chemistry at M.I.T., under W. K. Lewis. In the latter year Dr. Wilde went with the Humble as head of the laboratory experimental division of its refining development department. In 1929 he was made director of production research. Dr. Wilde is the author of important papers in the TRANSACTIONS of the Institute, wherein are also mans dis-

Jan 1, 1938