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Jan 1, 1938

A. 11. P. WYNNE, San Jose de Gracia, Sinaloa, Mex. (communication to the Secretary): In the comparative tests reported by Mr. Tays, the stamp-batteries were provided with various styles and mesh-sizes of screens, while the Bryan mill was run throughout with a slot-punched Russia iron, equivalent to a 30mesh wire screen. This is a somewhat onc-sided method of comparison. Should not the Bryan mill also have had the chance to show what it could do with other screens? I cannot wholly approve Mr. Tays's proposed improvements upon the Bryan mill. In my judgment, the inventor has given us a machine well-adapted to the work for which it was designed, namely, the crushing and amalgamation of soft ores. In my judgment, the principal cause of failure to amalgamate satisfactorily in the Bryan mill is not, as Mr. Tays thinks, the shallowness of the basin, or the lack of copper plate about the inside periphery of the mill, but rather the want of experience and practical knowledge on the part of most amalgamators. Having had experience, not with one Bryan mill only, but with several, and taking into consideration the experience of other capable mill-men, I am positive that the proper way to save gold ill this mill is: first, to use enough quicksilver to keep the amalgam liquid, thus allowing it to accumulate in the annular space between the dies and the rims of the basin; secondly, to replace the old dies, when a little more than half worn-out, with new ones; and, thirdly, to clean up the mill at least every two weeks—or oftener, if rich ore is being treated. It is evident that Mr. Tap endeavored to amalgamate quite " hard," as is done in a stamp-battery, in which case the swash of the pulp would scour off portions of the hard amalgam adhering to the inside plates and dash it through the screens— after which a considerable amount would be lost through floating on, or in, the pulp in its journey over the outside plates, and

Jan 1, 1900

Spencer Gulf takes off from the Great Australian Bight cutting a 200 mile deep wedge of water into the South Australia coastline. A pale winter sun shines yellowly on the choppy surface of this body of water which is progressively more salty as it approaches Port Augusta at the head of the Gulf. Once Port Augusta thrived as a grain port and the speedy clipper ships began or ended their legendary races there. On the eastern shores of Spencer Gulf, farm land spreads away from the water's edge. The western side of the gulf meets marginal grazing land of acacia tree and salt bush. Part way down the gulf, there are two industrial towns facing each other from opposite shores; Port Pirie on the east and Whyalla on the west. These towns are like half brothers, the common parent being the founders of Broken Hill Pty. Ltd., (BHP) who began lead smelting at Port Pirie and discovered iron ore near Whyalla needed for the lead smelting process. The iron deposits later became the inspiration for BHP's iron and steel business.

Jan 10, 1964

By A. Henry

THE manufacture of wheels of metal for locomotives and cars constitutes an important branch of the iron industry, and one closely related, moreover, to many of the conditions of railway practice, such as speed, safety of passengers, and economy of working. It has been, also, since the introduction of iron roads, a subject of constant study on the part both of engineers of construction and iron manufacturers. The car-wheels at first used in Europe had spokes of wrought iron and a hub of cast iron. Subsequently endeavors were made to make the wheels entirely of wrought iron, by forging successively the different parts which constituted the hub, spokes, and rim. By this treatment the expansion of the heated portions at the last forgings gave rise to interior ruptures in the already cold and finished parts. The metal was thus strained before use, and the wheels broke frequently in service. It was in consequence of these failures, doubtless, that the engineers of this country were led to employ exclusively wheels of cast iron. The railway companies are nevertheless greatly interested in the reduction of the weight of rolling stock, while preserving abundant strength, and by the employment of wrought-iron wheels one may attain this double end if the defects of manufacture which we have just mentioned are avoided. This may be accomplished by making the wheels in such a manner that the different parts are welded at the same time, whereby the interior strains which so frequently give rise to ruptures in wheels successively forged are avoided. This result has been attained by what is known in France as the Arbel process, of which I will give you a short description if you will kindly give me a few minutes' attention. The process may be briefly summed up as follows : A pile of puddled bars of the general form of the wheel to be made is prepared,

Jan 1, 1877

By Adolph Henry

The manufacture of wheels of metal for locomotives and cars constitutes an important branch of the iron industry, and one closely related, moreover, to many of the conditions of railway practice, such as speed, safety of passengers, and economy of working. It has been, also, since the introduction of iron roads, a subject of constant study on the part both of engineers of construction and iron manufacturers. The car-wheels at first used in Europe had spokes of wrought iron and a hub of cast iron. Subsequently endeavors were made to make the wheels entirely of wrought iron, by forging successively the different parts which constituted the hub, spokes, and rim. By this treatment the expansion of the heated portions at the last forgings gave rise to interior ruptures in the already cold and finished parts. The metal was thus strained before use, and the wheels broke frequently in service. It was in consequence of these failures, doubtless, that the engineers of this country were led to employ exclusively wheels of cast iron. The railway companies are nevertheless greatly interested in the reduction of the weight of rolling stock, while preserving abundant, strength, and by the employment of wroughtiron wheels one may attain this double end if the defects of manufacture which we have just mentioned are avoided. This may be accomplished by making the wheels in such a manner that the different parts are welded at the same time, whereby the interior strains which so frequently give rise to ruptures in wheels successively forged are avoided. This result has been attained by what is known in France as the Arbel process, of which I will give you a short description if you will kindly give me a few minutes' attention. The process may be briefly summed up as follows: A pile of puddled bars of the general form of the wheel to be made is prepared,

Jan 1, 1893

TWO American students entered the École des Mines in 1856, Joseph Lesley of Philadelphia and Thomas Egleston of New York. Lesley remained there only one year, but Egleston completed the whole curriculum and received, in 1860, the certificate given to foreign students in lieu of the official appointment and degree awarded French students. Returning home he received, in 1861, an appointment by Secretary Henry of the Smithsonian Institution to sort, label, and arrange the collections of mineralogical and geological specimens which had been brought to Washington by the various government exploring expeditions in the West. Thomas Egleston, born in New York City on Dec. 9, 1832, was the son of Thomas Jefferson Egleston, who came to New York from Massachusetts some time before 1829. The first American ancestor of the family had settled near Dorchester in 1630. T. J. Egleston and Joseph Battell established an iron-merchandizing business* at 166 South St., New York, which prospered exceedingly; so much so that when Thomas J. Egleston died, July. 12, 1861, his estate had a book value of over $500,000. Since an older brother was expected eventually to take over this business, Thomas, who had a liking for science, went to Yale, where he completed the regular four-year course in 1854, and then remained another year for advanced work in chemistry under Silliman. One biographer says he went to Europe, early in 1856, on account of his health. It was the custom at that time for wealthy young men to make a tour of Europe after completing their academic education. Whatever the precise reason, he began scientific work at the Jardin des Plantes in Paris but soon trans-

Jan 1, 1941

By Richard H. Jahns

Such minerals as beryl, lepidolite, sheet muscovite, spodumene, and tantalite-columbite are obtained chiefly from pegmatite bodies that are internally zoned. As shown by examples of such pegmatites from the Southwestern and Southeastern States during World War II, studies of their internal and external structure have value in prospecting and the planning of exploration, development, and mining.

Jan 1, 1951

Jan 1, 1951

Jan 1, 1922

Jan 1, 1922

At its meeting on February 21, 1933, the Board of Directors the following resolution defining and expressing the policy of the Institute with respect to official participation or action in controversial matters: WHEREAS, the Board of Directors at its last meting passed the following resolution: "The Board of Directors, having been appealed to by several Local Sections for advice concerning the attitude and policy of the Institute relating to the endorsement of candidates for public office, the following statement of policy is formulated:

Jan 1, 1939

At its meeting on February 21, 1933, the Board of Directors the following resolution defining and expressing the policy of the Institute with respect to official participation or action in controversial matters: WHEREAS, the Board of Directors at its last meting passed the following resolution: "The Board of Directors, having been appealed to by several Local Sections for advice concerning the attitude and policy of the Institute relating to the endorsement of candidates for public office, the following statement of policy is formulated:

Jan 1, 1944

By Frank Corwin

I. INTRODUCTION. SINCE the first installation of MacDougall roasters at the Great Falls smelter of the Anaconda Copper Mining Co., the capacity of the furnaces has been more than doubled. During the first nine or ten years of the operation of the MacDougall department the tonnage treated by the furnaces remained practically unchanged. Experimental work carried out in 1906, however, showed that increasing the draft of the furnaces would bring about an increase in capacity. In 1909 the MacDougall department was connected to the new smelter stack and

Jan 7, 1913

By AIME

A present the colleges and universities are struggling to meet the responsibilities placed upon them by the return of the veterans from the armed forces to the educational institutions as well as the youth graduating from the high schools. The problems of meeting these responsibilities are complex and upon the shoulders of the educational administrators lies much of the burden. One of those educators who is in the midst of this situation is James Rowland Cudworth, dean of the College of Engineering of the University of Alabama and Chairman of the Mineral Industry Education Division, AIME, both for 1946 and 1947. He was born at Norwich, Conn., on Sept. 23, 1897, and like his father before him went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received his Bachelor's degree in 1921. His studies at MIT were mainly in the fields of geological and mining engineering. Why a New Englander studies mining is anybody's guess, but it may be due to a love of traveling to far places which so many New Englanders do. After graduating tinder the famed Waldemar Lindgren. Jim trekked to Mexico where he worked at Pachuca for the Cia. Real del Monte and at Charcas with the American Smelting and Refining Co.

Jan 1, 1946

By Milton H. Ward

This paper contains a review and discussion of the major design parameters of a block caving mine, with special attention given to access, development, and operational methods. Information will be provided on the economics and costs of various design alternatives, and how they can influence financial results of a particular project. Technical and economic factors that pertain to an actual operation, Freeport Indonesia, Incorporated's block caving mine in Indonesia, will be provided, and highlights of the planning, development and operation of this mine will be presented. The major thrust of the paper will be to emphasize the importance of good planning and to encourage economic analysis of various methods of layout and design.

Jan 1, 1981

Last spring the suggestion was made that the national engineering societies offer to assist the War Department in the formation of an engineer reserve in the United States Army. The suggestion was brought to the attention of some of the officers of the Army, who commended it and confirmed the belief that the need of such a reserve was a real one; that the European war had distinctly shown that engineers in time of war are required on a scale never before realized and of great varieties of experience. In our own army no adequate provision is made for great numbers of engineers, for although the corps of engineers is composed of men of the very highest professional proficiency in certain lines it is greatly short of the numerical strength that would be immediately required. Acting on this suggestion, the American Society of Civil Engineers, the American Institute of Mining Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and the American Institute of Consulting Engineers appointed committees authorized and directed to take such steps as might be advisable to urge the organization of such a reserve corps as part of the. regular army, and so assist in putting the United States in a better condition of prepared-

Jan 10, 1915

[NOTE.-The following discussions of papers contained in this volume are printed without regard to order of succession. It has been impracticable to secure from the various parties, corrected reports of their contributions in time to effect any particular desired arrangement in this respect. The papers of Messrs. Pourcel, Osmond and Sauveur, were considered at Chicago together with others of cognate character ; and the whole discussion will be found in vol. xxiii., under the head, " Physics of Steel."]

Jan 1, 1894

Jan 2, 1951

By S. B. Christy

Jan 1, 1902