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By J. F. Dorion

This paper presents the results of on-going investigations on the performance of support systems in Québec underground mines. The focus of these investigations is on site observations complemented by laboratory investigations. Of particular interest is deducing the corrosion rate, at selected mine sites, as determined by the installation of monitoring coupons.

May 1, 2009

By Andrew Scogings

The current edition of The Australasian Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Code was published in 2012 and, after a transition period, the 2012 edition came into mandatory operation on Dec. 1, 2013. There is a significant change between JORC 2004 (Clause 44) and JORC 2012 (Clause 49) for the reporting of industrial mineral resources and reserves, which should be addressed by ASX-listed players in the industrial minerals space.

A hidden asset in most exploration and mining activities is data. Common practice involves the spending of large amounts of money to discover, define and prove the viability of a mining project. Some organisations have used operations research analysis and internal costing methods to allocate a value to their data and to compare the costs of data maintenance to other more tangible activities like plant and equipment maintenance. Those organisations, which do not undertake such an analysis often, have little knowledge or understanding of the extent and the worth of their data. Often the organisations lack of knowledge and understanding of the data is indicated by their failure to fully exploit or realise their opportunities. The focus of this paper is to discuss new technologies that optimise the management and security of collected and derived data. The technologies discussed are components of the software systems acQuire and MineSight.

Jan 1, 1999

By Leo Ranney

ANY years ago a prospector came to a Nevada town and built himself a shack. Day after day he searched the hills for gold -but he found none. He closed his shack and hurried north, where a strike had been made. Next he tried to trap the flour gold that floats down the Snake River. He panned the black sands along the Oregon coast. He ranged over the mountains and up the gulches of far-off Alaska. At last, broken in health, six years ago he came back to his old home in Nevada. There his shack still stood-nobody wanted it. One day he started a garden in the rocky soil that he owned. His spade turned up a chunk of quartz, and in that quartz were stringers of gold. He had found a rich gold vein, running right under his own house. You gas producers who have hurried to Oklahoma, Louisiana, East Texas, South Texas, West Texas, even to California to drill wildcat holes a mile or two miles deep-why not, like the old gold prospector, have a look in your own back yard? Some of your coal seams contain 20,000,000 cu. ft. of natural gas per acre.

Jan 1, 1943

By Walter W. Bradley

FOR a number of years up to the economic setback of the 1929-1931 period, the greatest proportional advances in the mineral industries in California were made among the substances in the nonmetallic groupings, particularly among the so-called industrial minerals and the salines. During the past year or two, although these have not regained the stride that marked their progress in the preceding decade, we can still record, -some new developments. California produces annually between 55 and' 60 different minerals on a commercial scale. Of these, some 40 to 45 comprise the "structural," "industrial," and "salines" materials as grouped in the reports of the State's Division of Mines. Barite-The barite deposits of California were described in Report

Jan 1, 1935

By Gerald Sherman

LARGE part of the mining industry is still under the shadow of the depression, and unwilling to undertake changes in plant or methods of operation that require large preliminary expenditures of money. Certain metals command fair prices: nickel, tin, and molybdenum. The precious metals, gold and silver, have been given greater values by natural processes of economics or by proclamation, but are of so much less importance in industry, in total value, and number of men employed, that they have not greatly raised the average for the mining business. The increased value of gold which was established in 1933 has stimulated .the search for new deposits, and aided efforts to revive some of the old mines 'Where it is hoped to find quantities of marginal ore now become profitable. The higher price did not increase production very much for 1934, but two discoveries of major importance, and others yet to be proved, will help later. The two referred to are the Lupa gold field in Tanganyika Territory, and the Silver Queen mine on Soledad Mountain near Mojave in California. The first was recently discovered, and is being developed by the East African Goldfields, Ltd. Uncompleted explorations of the croppings early in the year had exposed for measurement and sampling to a shallow depth, three ore shoots as gregating 7400 ft. in length and 6 ft. in width, containing 0.375 oz. of gold per ton. In the Silver Queen. an ore-

Jan 1, 1935

By P wade

This is the first Presidential Address given to the Nottinghamshire Branch of The Institution following the merger of the Nottinghamshire and North Derbyshire Branch of The Institution of Mining Engineers (IMinE) and the Midland Branch of The Institution of Mining Electrical and Mining Mechanical Engineers (IMEMME). I intend to review the formation of the individual institutions as well as what has been achieved by mining related institutions over the years and finally I intend to look to our future.

Jan 11, 1996

By GUY C. RIDDELL

THE recent purchase by an American investment trust of a substantial block of shares in a British owned Venezuelan copper operation directs attention to mining activities that have been quietly gaining momentum in that country for a number of years. We hear so much of oil work in Venezuela that attention to its metal-mining activities is in most quarters casual. In gold and copper the country has made some interesting mining records, and two of the old districts are ,digging in for a come-back. Copper Copper production centers in the state of Yaracuy. The Aroa-Cumaragua mining region has had a long and eventful history. The Aroa mine itself, 50 miles from the coast in West-Central Venezuela, was discovered in 1605. First mined in 1632, owned at one time by Simon Bolivar, it has been reopened many times and is now , the basis of substantial operations by the South American Copper Syndicate, Ltd. of London. The latter has operated the property profitably, off and on, for a number of years, paying heavy dividends on a small investment-at times over 300 per cent annually.

Jan 1, 1929

By Howard N. Eavenson

DURING the past year, as in the preceding ones, prices continued to fall, production to decrease, and more mines were closed. Much attention is being given by the industry to suggested plans for betterment of its position, and if the scheme recently brought out for consolidation of sales agencies into district agencies is loyally carried out, it cannot but help to improve conditions. The progress in the anthracite industry is shown in the report of its chairman, E. H. Suender; changes in coal preparation are outlined in the report of J. B. Morrow, chairman of Committee on Coal Preparation, while increased mechanization of the western mines is described by Eugene McAuliffe, chairman of the Committee on Machine and Strip Mining. In spite of the depression, interest in the Coal Division has been increasing, its meetings have been well attended, and its committees are active and have been doing excellent work.

Jan 1, 1932

By Raymond S. Suglo

Increasing depths of mining coupled with the mechanization of most underground mining operations have led to growing complexities in the mine environments with the production of large amounts of gaseous and particulate contaminants. Over 100,000 lives have been lost due methane gas and dust explosions in coal mine workings in both the US and Canada since 1900 when the methane concentrations exceeded stipulated levels in some workings. There is therefore the need to constantly assess and evaluate the performance of the existing mine ventilation systems to maintain safe and acceptable mine environmental conditions in workings to meet the requirements of federal, state or provincial laws. This paper uses the results of continuous monitoring of methane concentrations conducted in selected development headings in coal mines in North America to assess the effectiveness of existing auxiliary ventilation systems in the control of methane gas concentrations in the headings. The results show that the average quantities of fresh air required to dilute, disperse and remove methane concentrations within set levels of one minute varied from 5.43 m3/s in Heading #11 (Condition 2) to 27.97 m3/s in Heading #10 (Condition 1) and this represented about 12 to 26% of the quantities required to dilute methane concentrations to safe levels within one minute under Condition 1 and 32 to 139% under Condition 2. The average dilution times in the headings studied were less than 8 minutes. The forcing efficiencies of the auxiliary systems in the headings studied ranged from poor to excellent implying that the auxiliary ventilation systems were capable of controlling the methane concentrations below statutory levels but may not be able to cope with large and unusual methane concentrations in the headings. This study is important to prevent methane gas and coal dust explosions in coal mines and thus avoid any loss of lives and property.

May 1, 2001

By R. W. Waytulonis

New exhaust control techniques and devices may be necessary to meet future diesel particulate matter emission standards in underground coal mines. This paper reviews conventional work practices and devices used to control diesel exhaust emissions, and new techniques being tested by the Bureau of Mines. Discussions will center on important work practices and on the function and efficiency of exhaust after-treatment devices. An industry/government cooperative research project to develop and test an exhaust after-treatment system for part 36 equipment is also discussed.

Jan 1, 1990

By Gabriel Burlandy Mota de Melo

Manchas de óleo em um meio aquoso foram removidas utilizando compósitos de parafina com nanopartículas de ferritas de cobalto (CoFe2O4), níquel (NiFe2O4) e níquel-zinco (Ni0,7Zn0,3Fe2O4), nas proporções de 13,0% e 28,5% em peso. Para avaliar a eficiência da remoção, foi determinada a velocidade dos compósitos ao serem acoplados a uma mancha de óleo na superfície da água e submetidos ao campo magnético de um imã permanente. O melhor desempenho foi obtido com o compósito de parafina contendo 13,0% em peso de ferrita de níquel-zinco.

Aug 16, 2017

By W. P. Yant, R. R. Sayers, G. W. Jones

In the treatment of any illness the early diagnosis is of very great importance . This is especially true in cases of carbon monoxide poisoning , whether acute or sub-acute in character. A diagnosis of CO poisoning is usually made from a correlation of the history , the possible place of exposure , and the symptoms produced . This , however, is not positive evidence because CO often is present in unsuspected places and can be absent in suspected places . Also , the symptoms of this type of poisoning are common to other causes . In many such cases the correct diagnosis may be very difficult , if not impossible by this method and as a result little or no treatment is given . Sub- acute cases , those in which the subject is exposed to concentration sufficient to cause only headaches , malaise , feeling of weakness and dizziness , may be incorrectly diagnosed and as a result , improperly treated . Probably the best method of diagnosis is by examination of the subject's blood . Many methods for the detection of CO in the blood have been developed , but owing to their various individual disadvantages have never come into common usage . Some of the quantitative methods are satisfactory with regard to accuracy but require elaborate and expensive apparatus , special technique and training, or are too delicate and cumbersome for field use . It is of vital importance in all industrial and domestic accidents occuring at places where CO might be suspected or where the symptoms are typical of CO poisoning that a qualitative and preferably a quantitative determination be made the extent of poisoning being of importance in deciding whether CO was the direct or contributary cause) to show the presence or absence of 0. This is indeed essential from a medical standpoint as it aids in prescribing treatment and from a legal standpoint to insure justice in the claims that are often unjustly decided for want of positive evidence.

Jun 1, 1923

By A. D. Garman

This paper presents one of a series of digests of foreign mining legislation and court decisions which is being prepared in advance of a general report relative to the right of American citizens to explore for minerals and to own and operate mines in various foreign countries . This interpretation of the laws of El Salvador has been prepared from the best available information in Washington , but is released subject to correction and amplification , if necessary , by the proper American diplomatic and consular officers to whom it is being referred through the courtesy of the Department of State . Under the terms of the Code of Commerce ( arts . 12ff . ) , foreigners living in El Salvador can engage in business on the same terms as nationals . This involves ( = $434.00 ) - except for those with a working capital , of less than a thousand pesos inscription in the merchants ' register , which can be refused only in case of manifest disability of a permanent nature .

Sep 1, 1930

By I. AITKENS

The opal , long in disfavor because it was considered " unlucky, " has become much more popular in recent years . For variety and beauty of color the precious opal is without a peer . These colors do not come from any chemical constituent but are produced by structural peculiarities , which in varying degrees deflect the light rays entering the stone and give a prismatic play of hues .

Sep 1, 1931

By B. De Paoli

At Pietrafitta, between Assisi and Perugia, ENEL (Italian National Electricity Authority) has for some time been managing a power-station operated with lignite, mined from an open mine on the way to exhaustion. A new plant is under construction which is located in the mine that was filled with tailings, mainly clays, sandy silts, lignite and ashes produced by the power-station. The soil profile is shown in Fig. 1: the thickness of the made ground is around 27 m. The foundation of the new power-station is on 320 t piles, 1.20 m diameter, embedded in the cohesive base formation at a depth of 57.5 m. 2,350 piles will be constructed for a total length of 125 km. It is therefore one of the largest pile sites at present in operation in Italy. [ ]

Jan 1, 1994

By Jilai Xue, Jun Zhu, GermainKouma Ndong, Luxing Feng

High-temperature corrosion behaviors of Fe-Ni-Cr alloy as inert anodes for aluminum electrolysis have been studied. The effect of anodic overpotential on layer growth of anodic surface is specially considered. The corrosion layers on the anodes tested were analyzed using XRD and SEM-EDS to provide a fundamental understanding of the layers growth at metallic anode surface. The dissolution of the scale layers on the metal anode occurred with low overpotential, while AlxM3-xO4 spinel phase within the scale layers was found with an increased overpotential. A mixture of multiple MyO layers existed on the anode substrate. The results may be useful for understanding and controlling the corrosion behaviors of Fe-Ni-Cr anode for potential application in aluminum electrolysis.

Jan 1, 2015

By M. de Paiva Bueno, G. Barakos, S. Luukkanen, K. Luolavirta

Lifelong development of skills and knowledge of mining professionals has been recognised worldwide as a challenge for the development of a sustainable mining sector. Practical training and learning over the mine value chain are among the key components of this knowledge building. However, the number of available mining sites for continuous education in real-life conditions is limited; also the specifications for practical training are not clearly defined. The project MINETRAIN was developed to (i) evaluate the potential of the shortly-closing Pyhäsalmi Mine, in Finland, as an educational and training underground facility, and thus, prolong the utility of the existing modern mine site, and to (ii) develop and test practical training programs for mining and mining industry related professionals. Pyhäsalmi facilities enable training among all disciplines related to the overall mine value chain and hence, the project has potential in providing education for sustainable management of any phase of mining operations. The philosophy underpinning the MINETRAIN approach to mining activities is to assist the clients in minimising the technical and financial risks by providing a competitive and skilled personnel asset while optimising the value drivers in their operations. As a first major step of the project, a pilot training course, involving basic-level online theory and hands-on training at the Pyhäsalmi mine site, was undertaken in summer 2019. Feedback from the pilot test group of mining professionals has proved to be very positive. The comments from the participants strongly emphasised the added value of the practical onsite training for improved understanding in the large scale picture of mining on the entire value chain. As a second phase of the project, a new test course was launched in June 2020. The second MINETRAIN course focuses on new technologies and digitisation in mining. Keywords: Lifelong learning, mining education, mine value chain, research and education mine, educational research project

Jan 1, 2020

By N. J. Sather

The history of the Bunker Hill mine dates back to August 26, 1885, when Noah S. Kellogg found the outcrop of the Bunker Hill orebody on the hillside of Milo Gulch above the present town of Wardner, Idaho. A small concentrator was erected in 1886, and before the railroad came, the mine output was transported by mule teams to the head of navigation on Coeur d'Alene Lake. After ten years of production, an interest was purchased in the Tacoma smelter at Tacoma, Wash., to which the entire output was shipped. In 1916 and 1917, a modern lead smelting plant and refinery was erected, and a modern electrolytic zinc reduction plant was built in 1927-1928 by the Sullivan Mining Co. which was 50 pct owned (and now totally owned) by the Bunker Hill Co.

Jan 6, 1961

By Yogesh Narula

Nevis Bluff Landslide - On September 17” 2000, a rockfall measuring lO,OOOm3 at Nevis Bluff, New Zealand, triggered a loday emergency. It ended when a hazardous column of rock that towered over State Highway 6 was finally shattered. The operation called for unusual and unique solutions using aerial bombing and inverted blasting techniques, not known to have been attempted before under these conditions, anywhere in the world.

Jan 1, 2002