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By The Staff

This is in direct contradiction to the generally accepted philosophy of tube-mill grinding, which is based upon an enormous amount of experiment carried on in different parts of the world. Personally, I have no faith in the reliability of these conclusions of the authors. (Incidentally, the two circuits compared consist of six mills each of which the change in the hook-up is only in the last three mills-in one case, these three mills are in closed circuit and in the other, open or series circuit. Hence the last three mills are alone responsible for the alleged improvement, which means that the improvement in these three mills amounts to at least 18.8 per cent). The value of these figures depends upon the reliability of the work, of the measurements and the calculations of the authors. As very little information is contained in this Addendum concerning the methods of the work and the details of the measurements, it is necessary, in order to form an estimate of this reliability, to study carefully the previous paper published in the July, 1940, BULLETIN(3). Referring to the original paper, the present paper has this to say (bottom of page 379): "Here it may be remarked that we have made more money for Lake Shore digging into and forming the report than in obtaining the figures and data, and so far have never gone back to work on it without a resulting Lake Shore profit". Let me state that I, so far, have never gone back to work on it without finding more discrepancies and inconsistencies and illogical reasoning. In my first contribution to the discussion of the first paper, which discussion was published on page 355 and following, in the July, 1941, BULLETIN, I pointed out discrepancies and inconsistencies and illogical reasoning.

Jan 1, 1942

By C. C. Allen, H. H. North

"The Young-Davidson mine is in the southeastern part of Powell township, in the district of Matachewan. It is 32 miles southwest of Kirkland Lake, 48 miles southeast of Timmins, and 25 miles by road Northwest of Elk Lake. The Young-Davidson and its neighbour, the Matachewan Consolidated mine, are the two present producing properties in the district. The Matachewan area is the southwestern extension of the Kirkland Lake belt or 'break'. The Young-Davidson mine since coming into production in 1934 has been operated by Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines, Limited. ""Desultory prospecting(1) has been carried on in the Matachewan area from time to time since the discovery in 1906 of silver in James township at Elk Lake, and some gold has been found in the southeastern part of Alma township and in the central part of Cairo township. The first real interest in the area, however, was started by Jake Davidson's discovery in 1916 of gold on Davidson creek, on what is now part of the Young-Davidson property, and by Sam Otisse's discovery shortly afterwards on claims a short distance to the east, now part of the Matachewan Consolidated property. In subsequent years both of these properties were investigated by various companies; the Young-Davidson chiefly by the Porcupine Gold fields Development and Finance Company, Limited, and the Matachewan Canadian by the Colorado-Ontario Development Company, Limited, which in 1919 was reorganized under the name of Matachewan Gold Mines, Limited. Work was discontinued as the ore was considered too low in grade to be mined"". However, in 1933 Hollinger Consolidated Gold Mines, Limited, undertook to bring the property into production and this became a reality in 1934.The total production to the end of year 1945 was 319,185.59 oz. gold and 73,541.94 oz. silver from 3,228,845 tons of ore. This represents an average grade of $3.67, including exchange and premiums."

Jan 1, 1954

By E. Ettles

This paper features some of the spectacular new advances in the fields of fluorescent penetrant inspection and magnetic particle concentration. Casting fractures in the various stages -before the repair, during the repair and in the completed repair -using the cold process method will be discussed. This cold method of repair eliminates problems of pre-heating and cooling and the stress factors that are involved in any heat repair.

Jan 1, 1971

By T. R. Chari

The safe-level dilution of low-level radioactive wastes in large volumes of selected granular material is proposed as an alternative method of permanent waste disposal to current Canadian practice of concentration and encapsulation. Accepting the fact that a "background level" of radioactivity exists throughout the world, the authors feel that the concept of controlled dilution of radioactive wastes to a level in keeping with "background" is a plausible alternative to current thinking on the subject and is worthy of equal consideration.

Jan 1, 1979

By Michael Bowker

Au/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation and tested for the room temperature photocatalytic reforming of methanol in aqueous solution. These catalysts proved to be more active, on a molar basis, than Pd/TiO2. The dependence on loading of gold was different from that of palladium, showing a double maximum in yield at 0.1 and 2 wt. % with low rate below 0.01% and above 10%. A model is proposed for the reaction involving band gap excitation of titania electrons which are used to oxidise the methanol via adsorbed CO. With palladium, photoreforming of CO and water can be achieved, but this is much less effective on gold, presumably due to the much weaker bonding of CO on Au.

Oct 1, 2003

By Alex McEachern

MINING LEADS WAY TO PROSPERITY THE year 1937 will stand out in the history of mining and metal products in Canada as one of which we shall always be proud. The combined contribution of these industries played a large part in leading Canada back to prosperous conditions after years of stress and strain that left their mark upon business the world over. A review of general industry shows a marked improvement over recent years. The upward trend continued un-abated most of the year and not a few of the industries had all they could do to supply the demands. A fact that should be appreciated in a year of wheat failure over an extensive area of the Prairie Provinces is the shifting of the basis of Canadian prosperity from agriculture to that of mining and the use of metals. To the great demand for minerals of all kinds, our mines have well responded and many new high levels were reached. This reflects great credit upon the men who direct the activities of the Canadian Mining Industry. Possessed by a spirit which refused to accept defeat in 1931-1932, they began to increase the efficiency of their departments, explored all channels hitherto untried, and won through to a crowning success. Who among them dreamed that their country's extremity would be their Alex. McEachern opportunity, and that through their united efforts our young nation would be enabled to hold that high position she has attained in world affairs?

Jan 1, 1938

By G. E. Parsons

"The Bidgood is a small gold mine about 5 miles east of the main Kirkland Lake camp. Since the beginning of production in 1934, gold having a value of $5,000,000 has been produced from the property. Practically all of this production has come from seven veins in a diorite stock that intrudes the Timiskaming sediments and lavas of the area. The veins consist of quartz, pyrite, and molybdenite with minor amounts of chalcopyrite, calcite, and tellurides, and occupy northeast striking and northwest dipping thrust fault fractures. They have no apparent direct structural association with the faults of the main Kirkland Lake camp or the Larder Lake 'break' to the south; however, the veins closely resemble the former in their mineralogical composition and in their close association with syenite intrusives.ROCK TYPES AND THEIR STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICSThe dominant and, from an economic standpoint, most important rocks in the ore area consist of two separate families of Algoman intrusivesa diorite and a later syenite group."

Jan 1, 1954

By Qing-Xun Low

Ni current collector has excellent electronic conductivity and mechanica, properties. However, nicke, cannot be used in H2S-containing syngas SOFCs due to sulfur poisoning and coking. Copper coated nicke, is prepared by electrochemica, deposition. XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques are used to characterize the samples. After high temperature treatment in syngas containing, the coated samples exhibit high resistance of coke formation and sulfur corrosion compared to pure nickel. Therefore, copper coated nicke, is a promising anode current collector for H2S-containing syngas SOFCs.

Jan 1, 2010

By W. R. Bacon

"MAGNETITE HAS BEEN found in many .parts of the coastal area of British Columbia, but the more important deposits are on Vancouver Island and Texada Island. The locations of these deposits are shown on Figure 1.Interest in the magnetite deposits dates back to the 1870s, when land was acquired on the southwest coast of Texada Island by the Puget Sound Iron Company. This ground included the Prescott, Paxton, and Lake deposits. During the years 1885 to 1903, and 1908, 28,898 tons of magnetite ore was shipped to the company's blast-furnace plant at Irondale, Washington, U.S.A. This production was almost entirely from the Prescott open-pits.In the years following the Texada Island discoveries, other magnetite deposits were found in the coastal area, and various plans were proposed to utilize the local ores in the establishment of a steel industry in the Pacific Northwest. None was carried to fruition but, in 1951, open-pit mining was begun at Iron Hill, Vancouver Island, to furnish iron concentrates for steel mills in Japan. In 1952 mining of the Texada deposits was resumed to supply the same market. Production figures for these recent operations are as follows:"

Jan 1, 1949

By Henri-Louis Jacob

Le Québec dispose de ressources en silice abondantes et diversifiées, pouvant convenir dans l'ensemble à la plupart des usages industriels. Dans les terrains Paléozoïques des BassesTerres du Saint-Laurent et des Appalaches, les ressources identifiées comprennent les grès quartzitiques purs du Croupe de Potsdam (Cambrien), exploités notamment à Saint Canut au nord de Montréal comme source de sable de silice pour l'industrie du verre; les arénites quartzitiques des Formations de Val-Brillant (Silurien moyen) et de Kamouraska (Ordovocien inférieur) exploitées dans l'est du Québec comme source de fondant métallurgique; les grès friables de la Formation de Guigues (Ordovicien) au Témiscamingue, à partir desquels on produit des sables de silice utilisés notamment en fonderie et en filtration. Dans la province structurale du Grenville, au nord du fleuve Saint-Laurent, les métaquartzites purs du Supergroupe de Grenville représentent une source importante de silice pour la production de silicium, de ferro-silicium et de carbure de silicium. Des veines et amas de quartz ont aussi été exploités un peu partout au Québec comme source de fondant métallurgique ou de silice ultra-pure pour la production de silicium métal. Quelques dépôts de sables naturels, généralement d'origine marine ou deltaïque sont finalement exploités dans la région de Montréal comme source de sable pour des usages n'exigeant pas un produit de haute pureté.

Jan 1, 2001

By R. D. Brown

In view of the many changes which have taken place since 1950 in the rules of the Income Tax Act concerning the deduction of exploration and development expenses, many corporate taxpayers each year face the tedious task of determining which particular rules their unclaimed exploration and development expenses are subject to and in what sequence these expenses are to be claimed. Recent amendments to the Act have cleared up some of the mystery of the "ordering" of these deductions. This article examines the sequence in which various categories of exploration and development expenses are to be deducted in accordance with the terms of the Act as amended by Bill C-11.

Jan 1, 1978

By K. Shen, A. J. Sinclair, N. Champigny

"Fluid inclusion studies from the Cinola deposit indicate low salinities and low C01 contents of the ore fluid. This supports a suggestion that the mineralizing fluids originated from pore water in the fluviatile host rock (mid-Miocene Skonun Formation). Bimodal distribution of filling temperatures suggests the existence of at least two temperature regimes centred on 160°C and 270°C during mineral deposition. Independent age and stratigraphic evidence indicates that depth of mineralization is between 1.1 and 1. 8 km, corresponding to a hydrostatic load of between 110 and 170 bars.RESUMELes donnees sur les inclusions fluides du gisement Cinola indiquent de basses salinites et basses teneurs en C01 . Ceci confirme que les fluides mineralisants ont ete derives de l'eau interstitielle prise dans les sedimentsfluviatiles hates. La distribution bimodale des temperatures d'homogenisation implique !'existence de deux regimes de temperature concentrees vers 160°C et 270°C pendant Ia mineralisation. La profondeur alaquelle le gisement s'est forme est evaluee d'etre entre 1.1 et 1.8 km a partir d'informations stratigraphiques independantes: ceci correspond a des pressions hydrostatiques de 110 a 170 bars."

Jan 1, 1982

By L Mariani, G. Mendoza-Suarez

In this investigation, TiH2 powders were coated with copper and nickel by electroless plating to delay hydrogen evolution. Copper-coated samples were found to have a mixed acicular (2D growth) and cauliflower (3D growth) morphology whereas the nickel-coated samples had a cauliflower morphology. Examinations of the coated powder cross-sections revealed that the coating thickness ranges from 0.2 µm to 4 µm. Uncoated areas on the powder surface and coating flakes unattached to TiH2 particles suggest poor adhesion between the coating and the substrate. The phase transformation undergone by the TiH2 during dehydrogenation was studied in samples taken at intermediary points in the heating cycles and examined by XRD. The findings reveal that as the powder is heated from room temperature to 800°C, it changes from TiH1.971 to Tiu and to aTi. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) was performed to study the effects of the coatings on the temperature of hydrogen release. It was found that increasing the number of plating iterations, and therefore the thickness of the coating, creates a significant shift in the temperature of gas release.

Jan 1, 2006

By K. M. Ed

MR. J. C. NICHOLSON: The author has discussed his subject in a very thorough manner. One difficulty is the tendency to regard a 'permitted' explosive as a 'safe' explosive. There is no such article as a safe explosive; any explosive is only as safe as the man who handles it. In making up the primer, the method illustrated in the paper is alright for the ordinary explosive but not so for the sheathed explosive, for the sheathing would be punctured. MR. T. L. McCALL: I fee! quite certain that there would be little, if any, trouble from flame shots or misfires if the author's suggestions were carried out. There is a tendency on the part of the shot-firer to over-shoot, so as to bring clown more coal for the miner, and frequently a shot has not sufficient burden imposed upon it. Shooting one hole may not only lessen the burden on an adjacent hole, but may practically release it altogether, in which case the second hole should be fired with a very small charge, or perhaps it might not be necessary to shoot it at all. While the paper refers to shooting in the coal only, it should be under-stood that the instructions given are equally applicable to brushing shots. I do not wish to bring up any contentious point, but would the author say a word on cushioning with air gaps and on multiple shooting? Single shooting in rock might open up a feeder of gas which could be ignited by the ?second shot.

Jan 1, 1940

By Paolo Farina

Slope monitoring radar has emerged in the last ten years as a leading edge tool for monitoring movements in natural and engineered slopes, thanks to its ability to rapidly measure slope movements with millimetric accuracy over wide areas in any weather conditions, obviating the need to install artificial reflectors. In recent years, slope monitoring radar has experienced significant improvements in its performances, mainly thanks to the use of different radar technology, such as Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), able to overcome some of the limitations of the first generation of radar and to provide higher spatial resolution, longer working distances and faster acquisition time. One of the leading applications of this technology is today represented by slope monitoring within the surface mining industry. Prominent international mining groups currently employ slope monitoring radar, based either on Real Aperture Radar (RAR) and SAR technology, for active and background monitoring of open-pit walls. The main technical features of typical slope monitoring radar based on SAR technology along with their possible applications are presented in this paper along with recent case studies of successful slope monitoring in open pit mines.

Jun 1, 2012

By E. Nurminen

Thermal transport properties of copper flash smelting flue dust have been investigated. Such values of the dust are needed to correctly model the process and to optimize its heat recovery performance. Dust accretions on heat recovery boiler walls may have a significant influence on the boilers heat transfer efficiency. Measurements of the thermal transport properties have been made for industrial flue dust and for pure sulphate components. The measurements have been conducted at temperatures up to 400 °C and the effect of porosity on these properties has also been investigated. The results indicate that the flue dust and the sulphate components are effective thermal insulators and the dust build-up on the boiler walls is likely to greatly decrease the heat transfer efficiency of the boiler.

Jan 1, 2007

By A. Torkian

Copper mining operations have increased in Iran in the past decades due to price increases and potential for creating jobs in developing countries. Iran consists of many copper mines. The mining operations have a positive economic impact on the region, but may also be the cause of adverse environmental effects. Environmental aspects and the health impact of respirable particulates on the communities and agricultural production in the immediate vicinities have been under scrutiny by the regulatory agencies to ensure sustainable development. The impact of an open-pit mine on the air quality and extent of particulate pollutant dispersion in different directions and times is the focus of this paper. The results of the modeling have been validated through ambient air monitoring. Monitoring stations were installed in different areas within the mine unit operations and around it including background areas where PM10 values were 7 µg/m3. Outside the Complex, particulate concentrations were monitored in 9 different stations and up to 25 km distance. Modeling of point, area, and volume sources was conducted using a 9- year meteorological database. The results showed that particulate quantity decreases rapidly below local standard value of 150 µg/m3 at 2.5 km around the mine and the main pollution is due to the crusher and tailings dump areas. Model outputs were compared to the actual values measured by the air quality monitoring network including villages and crop fields. High overall correlation of about 76% was obtained for most of the locations but lower values were reported for more complex terrain in the region. Remedial actions recommended included road water spraying and better management practices to avoid overloading trucks.

Aug 1, 2013

By J. A. Haskin

The Engineering Department at Flin Flon has the following responsibilities: 1. Underground Surveying. 2. Open-Pit Surveying and Supervision of Blasting. 3. Mine Geology and Examination of Prospects. 4. Design of Plant Additions and Improvements. 5. Miscellaneous Field W ork, Reports, etc. The entire surface plant, as well as the underground workings, are located by co-ordinates based on a triangulation system covering an area approximately one mile long by one-half mile wide. The origin of this system and one end of the base-line is the southwest corner of Township 67, Range 29, west of the Principal Meridian. The bearing of the base-line was determined from the township boundary, which runs true north, so that all other bearings are almost astronomical. This is a great convenience when our surveys must be tied to mineral claims, rights-of-way, and land subdivisions. As the base-line extends across Flin Flon lake, its measurement across smooth ice was simple and accurate. The length, slightly over 1,600 feet, has been adjusted for the temperature and tension of the standard tapes used and checked sufficiently to ensure a maximum error of 1 : 15,000. Each angle was repeated ten times, but as no special refinements were used, errors of as much as four or five seconds are possible. The elevation of the origin of the triangulation system was approximately 1,050 feet above sea level. The use of this true elevation in our surveys would have resulted in negative elevations underground as soon as the mine reached a depth greater than 1,050 feet. To avoid this complication we therefore added 4,000 feet to this elevation. The collar of the Main shaft, for example, which is actually 1,072 feet above sea level, appears in our records as at elevation 5,072. Underground surveying, which follows standard practice, is done by two mine surveyors who share three helpers. The meridian is taken underground from two wires hung in either of the two vertical shafts.

Jan 1, 1935

By R. Gordon, J. Palich, W. Qian

The EarthProbe DCIP system deploys tightly spaced electrodes connected to a centralized data acquisition system that enables arbitrary selection of current and potential electrodes through relays. Rapid data collection (approximately 1000 readings per hour) and advanced signal processing allow for efficient use of conventional and novel arrays and the removal of natural and cultural noise. What is unique about the system is its electrode and borehole cable design, which allows seamless integration of borehole and surface measurements. EarthProbe operates in four configurations - surface, borehole, borehole-to-borehole, and surface-to-borehole (a variant of the borehole-to-borehole configuration).

Jan 1, 2011

By A. D. Akerman, D. D. Young, G. R. Baiden

The development and maintenance of underground roadways are increasingly important aspects of the modern mining process. With the trend toward automation and track-less mining, roadbeds capable of with standing increased wheel loading have proven necessary to maintain high vehicle speed and reduced maintenance costs. Concrete has been used successfully on some roadways in order to obtain the required characteristics. However, this solution usually involves unacceptable expense. The objective of the Road Router project was to create a drift floor profiling machine capable of cutting a smooth surface out of the existing rock floor of development drifts and ramps. This surface would provide a durable, high strength, low rolling resistance roadbed that would allow for reduced operating cycle times and lower maintenance costs of scoops and haulage trucks. The Road Router has the potential to offer an alternative to concrete with substantial cost savings.

Jan 1, 1997